Table 2.

Applications of PBPs fluorescence probe.

Types	Fields of Application	Specific Example	Reference
APC	Immunofluorescence analysis	Flow cytometric detected anti-neutrophil antibodies.	[79]
		APC, together with PBXL-3 and conjugated avidin molecule accessed as a fluorochrome for FCM immunodetection of surface antigens on immune cells.	[80]
		Recombinant PBP fluorescent probe (SLA) detected AFP.	[39]
	Fluorescent image	BDFPs used as biomarkers in several mammalian cells in vivo.	[89]
		SmURFP and a BPH FP created a far-red and near-infrared fluorescent cell cycle indicator.	[64]
PC	Fluorescent image	Polypyrrole nanoparticles prepared from the albumin–phycocyanin complex killed MDA-MB-231 cells in a dual way under laser irradiation.	[10]
	Biomolecule detection	PC and HAS complexes monitored drug transport processes.	[76]
	Immunofluorescence analysis	Two dual-functional SA–PBPs (SA–PCA–PCB and SA–PCA–PCB) detected AFP and CEA.	[48]
	Other	PC trimers applied to the LED-CCD fluorescent density strip qualitative detection system.	[9]
		PC-based fluorescence monitoring of cyanobacterial complexes online determined live cell concentrations	[83]
	Detection of ions	CPC fluorescent probe detected Hg2+ ion in seafood.	[85]
		CPC biosensor detected Hg2+ in low concentrations.	[86]
		PC-AgNPs detected Cu2+ ions in diverse water bodies.	[87]
PE	Biomolecule detection	Using liquid phase microarray detect vibrio combined with recombinant streptavidin-phycoerythrin specifically.	[47]
		PE integrated with Cy5/Cy7 dye facilitated detection and visualization in molecular biology.	[72,73]
		C-PE/graphene oxide composites detect dsDNA in nanomolar quantities.	[74]
		Using the PDADMAC-mediated R-PE/BHQ2-ssDNA interaction, the fluorescent biosensor detected the target DNA.	[75]
		R-PE probe cross-linked SPDP detected bursal disease virus.	[77]
	Immunofluorescence analysis	Flow cytometric detected anti-neutrophil antibodies.	[79]
		R-PE labeled Mannheimia haemolytica can be monitored by observing fluorescence.	[81]
	Detection of ions	R-PE-AgNPs traced Cu2+ ions in diverse aqueous media.	[88]