Table 2.

Current treatments available for long COVID-19 and their key factors.

Treatment	Description	Key Factors	Survival Rate	Mortality Rate	References
Symptomatic management	Taking care of specific symptoms, including pain, exhaustion, and cough	Symptom relief	NA	2–7%	[117]
Rehabilitation therapy	Enhancing function and quality of life via physical and occupational therapies	Function improvement, quality of life	78%	NA	[118]
Pulmonary rehabilitation	Exercise-based program to improve respiratory symptoms and lung function	Respiratory symptoms, lung function improvement	81%	NA	[119]
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)	Psychotherapy helps strengthen coping mechanisms and address mental health problems	Coping mechanisms, mental health	50–75%	NA	[120]
Pharmacological interventions	Medications that address long-COVID-19 symptoms or consequences	Symptom management, disease consequences	95%	13%	[117]
Multidisciplinary clinics	Comprehensive treatment and coordination for long-COVID-19 patients provided by specialized clinics	Coordination, specialized care	NA	37.5%	[121]
Respiratory support	Breathing issues can be treated with oxygen therapy, inhalers, or other respiratory therapies	Breathing issues	59%	50–97%	[118]
Cardiac management	Cardiovascular problems, such as myocarditis and arrhythmias, are monitored and treated	Cardiovascular problems	NA	24.2%	[116]
Mental health support	Support groups, psychotherapy, and counseling to treat psychological problems and distress	Psychological well-being	90%	8.5%	[7]
Rehabilitation for specific symptoms	Targeted treatments for symptoms, such as fatigue after exercise or mental fog	Specific symptom management	87%	13%	[122]
Medications	To treat long-COVID-19 symptoms, such as pain, exhaustion, or inflammation, different drugs may be administered	Symptom management	69–72%	1.83%	[24]
Pulmonary rehabilitation	Programs of disciplined exercises and breathing drills to enhance lung capacity and stamina	Lung capacity, stamina improvement	73%	7.3%	[123]
Cognitive rehabilitation	Rehabilitation programs that focus on memory issues, brain fog, and cognitive deficits	Memory issues, cognitive deficits	NA	15.1%	[124]
Physical therapy	Techniques used in physical therapy to treat joint pain, musculoskeletal complaints, and physical restrictions	Joint pain, musculoskeletal issues	55–60%	3–5%	[125]
Nutritional support	Personalized food regimens and nutritional treatments to aid in recuperation and enhance general well-being	Nutrition, general well-being	NA	15–20%	[126]
Psychological support	Therapy sessions, counseling, and mental health care provided to address anxiety, despair, and emotional well-being	Mental health, emotional well-being	NA	25%	[13]