Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Nov 11;13(11):2199. doi: 10.3390/life13112199

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Underlying molecular mechanisms of serum uric acid (SUA) elevation in heart failure and detrimental effects of xanthine oxidase activity (mediated by ROS) on the heart. The blue lines represent mechanisms that lead to a reduction in UA excretion, whereas the red lines represent mechanisms that lead to increased UA production. Abbreviations: SUA: serum uric acid; XO: xanthine oxidase; ROS: reactive oxygen species. Kumrić, Marko et al., 2021. “Clinical Implications of Uric Acid in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Review” [9].