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. 2023 Nov 8;12(22):6978. doi: 10.3390/jcm12226978

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Proportion meta-analysis of overdiagnosis among subjects with clinical diagnosis of COPD, according to GOLD definition [8,16,17,18,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56]. ES = Effect Size (% of overdiagnosis); CI: Confidence Interval; COPD: Clinically Diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; I2: level of heterogeneity.