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Risk factors and pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation. Abbreviations: AF = atrial fibrillation, CHD = coronary heart disease, CCF = congestive cardiac failure, KCNQ = potassium channel voltage-gated Q subfamily, SC5NA = sodium voltage-gated channel type 5 subunit alpha, OSA = obstructive sleep apnoea, and LVH = left ventricular hypertrophy.
