Table 1.
Relationship of clinical and demographic factors to the occurrence of flail chest among patients with rib fractures after motor vehicle collision as identified in the 2019 ACS-TQIP database. Data shown as n (%) for categorical variables or Median (IQR) for continuous variables. AIS—Abbreviated Injury Scale. CVA—cerebrovascular accident. IQR—Interquartile range.
| Variable | Non-Flail Chest Rib Fractures (n = 24,210) |
Flail Chest (n = 891) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Median) | 58 (40–71) | 59 (44–71) | 0.0368 |
| Sex | 0.481 | ||
| Female | 10,994 (45.4%) | 394 (44.22%) | |
| Male | 12,213 (54.6%) | 497 (55.8%) | |
| Race | |||
| White | 18,653 (77.0%) | 703 (78.9%) | 0.196 |
| Black | 3174 (13.1%) | 111 (12.5%) | 0.571 |
| Asian | 423 (1.7%) | 15 (1.7%) | 0.887 |
| Ethnicity | 0.221 | ||
| Hispanic or Latino | 2167 (9.3%) | 69 (8.1%) | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 21,121 (90.7%) | 786 (91.9%) | |
| Seatbelt Type | <0.001 | ||
| No seatbelt | 7304 (30.2%) | 350 (39.3%) | |
| Lap belt only | 3366 (13.9%) | 106 (11.9%) | |
| Shoulder belt | 13,540 (55.9%) | 435 (48.8%) | |
| Airbag Status | <0.001 | ||
| No airbag present | 6254 (25.8%) | 296 (33.2%) | |
| Airbag present not deployed | 2683 (11.1%) | 94 (10.6%) | |
| Airbag deployed | 15,273 (63.1%) | 501 (56.2%) | |
| Body region maximum AIS (median IQR) | |||
| Head/Neck | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–3) | <0.001 |
| General | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.0753 |
| Face | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | 0.003 |
| Extremities | 1 (0–1) | 1 (1–2) | <0.001 |
| Abdomen | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) | <0.001 |
| History of Smoking | 1017 (4.2%) | 50 (5.61%) | 0.040 |
| History of CVA | 147 (0.61%) | 13 (1.46%) | 0.002 |