Figure 2.

Molecular mechanisms of resistance to antifungal drugs. Schematic of the fungal cell membrane and wall showing the mechanism of action of the five antifungals and the mechanisms of resistance (5FC: 5-fluorocytosine and 5FU: 5-fluorouracil). Mechanisms common to several different fungal species are indicated in red (text, arrows or boxes), those specific to A. fumigatus in blue (text and boxes), to C. neoformans in purple text and to Candida species in green text. The fungal cell wall comprises chitin (blue), ß-1,3-glucan (light green), ß1,6- glucan (orange), proteins (yellow), α-1,3-glucan (red) and galactomannans (brown). Transcription factors and proteins that regulate ergosterol biosynthesis are shown in yellow and orange, respectively. Damage Resistance Protein 1 (Dap1) complex is shown in green.