Table 1.
Characteristics of the relationship between measures of executive function and dynamic/static balance
| First Author | Number of participants | Mean Age | % Female | Balance Task | Executive Function | Association |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Executive Function and dynamic balance: EF | ||||||
| Kang, et al. [29] 2022 | 94 | 72.6 ± 5.3 | 100% | TUG | Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery |
NS r: 0.099 |
| Jovanovic, et al. [30] 2022 | 98 | 68.5 | 83.6% | TUG | Trail Making Test |
S r: 0.217 |
| Matos, et al. [31] 2020 | 28 | 66.7 ± 7.6 | 84% | TUG | N-Back Test |
S r: 0.531 |
| Netz, et al. [32] 2018 | 33 M | 77.2 ± 5.5 | 0% | TUG | MOXO DNSCPT ADHD Test, based on Go No Go Test |
S 0.653 |
| Kose, et al. [33] 2016 | 80 | 75.7 ± 5.8 | 45% | TUG | Trail Making Test B |
S r: 0.358 |
| Blackwood, et al. [34] 2015 | 47 | 74.9 ± 5.9 | 48.6% | TUG | Trail Making Test B |
S r: 0.308 |
| Kawagoe, et al. [35] 2015 | 32 | 73.1 | 37.5% | TUG | N-Back Test |
S r: 0.58 |
| Berryman, et al. [36] 2013 | 48 | 70.5 ± 5.3 | 58% | TUG | Stroop Test |
S r: 0.565 |
| Herman, et al. [37] 2011 | 265 | 76.4 | 58% | TUG | Verbal Fluency |
S r: 0.217 |
| Hirato, et al. [38] 2010 | 493 | 73.3 | 66.7% | TUG | ∆Trail Making Test |
S r: 0.335 |
| Won, et al. [39] 2014 | 164 | 66 ± 4.6 | 66.5% | FRT | Clock Drawing Test |
S r: 0.201 |
| Tsutsumimato, et al. [40] 2013 | 59 | 88 ± 87 | 83% | FRT | Trail Making Test |
S r: 0.10 |
| Redfern, et al. [41] 2019 | 34 | 76 ± 4 | 61.7% | Postural Sway | Task Switching Test |
NS r: 0.29 |
| Redfern, et al. [42] 2009 | 24 | 74.2 ± 4.4 | 50% | Postural Sway | MAPIT battery for Motor Inhibition |
S r: 0.39 |
| Van Iresel, et al. [43] 2008 | 100 | 80.6 | 50% | Postural Sway | Trail Making Test |
S r: 0.893 |
| Rabbit, et al.[44] 2006 | 69 | 73.2 ± 8.1 | 57.97% | TBT | Color/Word Stroop Test 1 |
S r: 0.326 |
| Zettel-Watson, et al. [45] 2017 | 50 | 69.5 ± 8.1 | 64% | FABS | Summing Stroop Color-Word Test, BP distraction, and EPT |
S 0.31 |
| Muir-Hunter, et al. [46] 2014 | 24 | 76.18 | 100% | BBS | Trail Making Test A |
S r: 0.550 |
| Executive Function and static balance | ||||||
| Redfern, et al. [41] 2019 | 34 | 76 ± 4 | 61.7% | Postural sway | Perceptual and Motor Inhibition Test |
S r: 0.54 |
| Netz, et al. [32] 2018 | 38 F | 77.2 ± 5.5 | 100% | Postural sway | MOXO DNSCPT ADHD Test, based on Go No Go |
S r: 0.427 |
| Muir-Hunter, et al. [46] 2014 | 24 | 76.18 | 100% | Postural sway | Trail Making Test A |
S r: 0.089 |
| Redfern, et al. [42] 2009 | 24 | 74.2 ± 4.4 | 50% | Postural sway | MAPIT battery for Motor Inhibition |
NS r: 0.21 |
| Boolani, et al. [47] 2019 | 11 | 76.55 ± 7.58 | 72% | mCTCIB | Serial subtraction 7 |
S r: 0.433 |
| Demnitz, et al. [48] 2017 | 387 | 69.0 ± 5.1 | 19% | SLS | Digit span |
NS r: 0.056 |
| Won, et al. [39] 2014 | 164 | 66 ± 4.6 | 66.5% | SLS | Clock Drawing Test |
S r: 0.07 |
| Tsutsumimato, et al. [40] 2013 | 59 | 88 ± 87 | 83% | SLS | Trail Making Test |
S r: 0.36 |
| Bruce- Keller, et al. [49] 2012 | 50 | 74.2 ± 7.8 | 42% | Stance time on SPPB | Digit Symbol Test |
S r: 0.07 |
| Hirato, et al. [38] 2010 | 493 | 73.8 | 66.7% | SLS | ∆Trail Making Test |
S r: 0.312 |
| Rosano, et al.[50] 2005 | 2893 | 73.4 ± 2.8 | 52% | Stance time | Trail Making Test |
S r: 0.190 |
No Number of participants, M male, F Female, Number reference of the study, TUG Timed Up and Go Test, FRT Functional Reach Test, TBT Tinetti Balance Test, BBT Berg Balance Test, FABS Fullerton Advanced Balance Score, SPBB Balance Score on the Short Physical Performance Battery, SLS Single leg stance time, mCTCIB, Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance, NS Non-significant, S Significant. r correlation. Bolds are studies which had MMSE score > 24 as inclusion criteria