Table 1.
Infectious Etiology | |
---|---|
CMR | |
Viral myocarditis |
• LGE lateral wall or septum (subepicardial or mid-wall) [52, 53] • Low/ normal LVEF |
Bacterial myocarditis | • LGE lateral wall (subepicardial or intramural) [54, 55] |
Parasitic Myocarditis | • LGE lateral wall (patchy in toxoplasma gondii [56] and midwall, subepicardial, subendocardial or transmural in patients with Trypanosoma cruzi with a prevalence for inferolateral basal and apex) [57, 58] |
Non-Infectious Etiology | |
Eosinophilic myocarditis |
• Diffuse subendocardial LGE [59, 60] • Possible association with ventricular thrombus [59] |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | • Subendocardial, intramyocardial, subepicardial LGE [61, 62] |
Systemic Sclerosis | • Prevalent subepicardial, midwall LGE of the septum [63] |
Polymyositis | • Subepicardial lateral and inferior wall [64] |
Giant Cells Myocarditis | • Subendocardial, and subepicardial diffuse LGE with involvement of both ventricles [65] |
Kawasaki Syndrome | • Subendocardial LGE [66] |
Sarcoidosis | • Subendocardial, subepicardial, midwall LGE [67] |
Chemotherapy | • Subepicardial or mid-wall LGE [68] |
Post-Vaccination | • Subepicardial or mid-wall LGE [69, 70] |
LGE: late gadolinium enhancement