Table 2.
Patients’ and controls’ characteristics.
| Patients (n = 170) |
Controls (n = 138) |
Statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | χ2 (1) = 9.260, p = 0.002 * | ||
| Female | 84 (49.4%) | 92 (66.7%) | |
| Male | 86 (50.6%) | 46 (33.3%) | |
| Age, Mean ± SD (IQR) | |||
| 43.9 ± 12.8 (32.9–52.8) | 36.5 ± 14.8 (24.2–50.9) | U = 7845.000, Z = −4.999, p < 0.001 * | |
| BMI (kg/m2), Mean ± SD (IQR) | |||
| 27.8 ± 5.9 (23.8–30.2) | 24.1 ± 4.5 (21.1–26.6) | U = 4441.000, Z = −5.716, p < 0.001 * | |
| 25(OH)D (nmol/L), Mean ± SD (IQR) | |||
| 57.8 ± 24.3 (39.5–72.9) | 61.5 ± 29.3 (42–72.2) | U = 10,956.000, Z =–.996, p = 0.319 | |
| < 30 | 20 (11.8%) | 13 (9.4%) | U = 129.000, Z = −0.037, p = 0.971 |
| 30–50 | 44 (25.9%) | 32 (23.2%) | t (74) = 0.054, p = 0.957 |
| > 50 | 106 (62.4%) | 93 (67.4%) | U = 4778.500, Z = −0.371, p = 0.710 |
| 24,25(OH)2D (nmol/L), Mean ± SD (IQR) | |||
| 3.8 ± 2.4 (2–5.2) | 4.2 ± 2.7 (2.4–5.5) | U = 10,573.000, Z = −1.489, p = 0.137 | |
| <3 | 67 (39.4%) | 43 (31.2%) | U = 1396.500, Z = −0.270, p = 0.788 |
| >3 | 103 (60.6%) | 95 (68.8%) | U = 4659.500, Z = −0.578, p = 0.563 |
| VMR (%), Mean ± SD (IQR) | |||
| 6.4 ± 2.2 (4.9–8.2) | 6.8 ± 2.4 (5.3–8.4) | t (306) = −1.601, p = 0.110 | |
| <4 | 23 (13.5%) | 17 (12.3%) | U = 165.500, Z = −0.821, p = 0.412 |
| >4 | 147 (86.5%) | 121 (87.7%) | U = 7910.500, Z = −1.557, p = 0.120 |
Note: SD = Standard Deviation; IQR = interquartile range; BMI = body mass index; VMR = vitamin D metabolite ratio; SD = standard deviation; * Significance set at p < 0.05.