Table 1.
Genotypic virulence characteristics of E. coli strains isolated from broiler breeders from different geographical locations.
| Location | E. coli Isolated from | Virulence-Associated Genes Identified | Serogroups Identified | Phylogroups Identified | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Broiler breeder | iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF, ompT, papC, tsh, ibeA, astA, and cva/cvi | O88, O8, O25, O115, O166, O161, O1, O55, H9, H21, H4, H7 | B1, B2, D | [20] |
| Colombia | Broiler breeder | N/A | O1, O2, O5, O36, O45, O53 O78 | N/A | [51] |
| Thailand | Broiler breeder | iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF, and ompT | N/A | N/A | [60] |
| Australia | Broiler breeder | iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF, and ompT | N/A | N/A | [60] |
| Korea | Broiler breeder | iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF, and ompT | N/A | N/A | [61] |
| Canada | Broiler breeder * | sitA, iroN, and iutA, iss, ompT, etsB, cvaC, ireA | N/A | N/A | [62] |
| Mexico | Broiler breeder, Hatchery | N/A | O19, O18, O8, O78, O6, O9, O52, O125 | N/A | [68] |
| Croatia | Broiler breeder | N/A | N/A | A, B1, B2, C, D, E, F | [71] |
| Korea | Broiler breeder * | fimC, tsh, fyuA, irp2, iucD, cav/cvi, iss, astA, vat | O1, O6, O8, O15, O18, O25, O26, O28, 078, O111, O112, O115, O125, O119, O126, O167 | N/A | [74] |
| Denmark | Broiler breeder | papAH, papEF, papGII, ireA, iroN, iucD, yuA, kpsMTK1, kpsMTII, malX[PAI], fimH, iss, traT, sitA, vat, astA, cvi/cva, ibeA, tsh, ompT | N/A | A, B1, B2, D | [47] |
N/A, data not available. * The samples used for these studies are pooled from broiler breeders, broilers, and layers.