Table 6.
Lesions, scored microscopically (cerebrum, cerebellum, hypothalamus, hippocampus) in rats at 60 min, 30 min, and 30 min following decompression after compression with intra-abdominal hypertension (25 mmHg/60 min; 30 mmHg/30 min; 40 mmHg/30 min). Min/Med/Max, means ± SD, * p ˂ 0.05, at least, vs. control. # combined score (0–8)–semiquantitative neuropathological scoring system; the sum of affected areas with infarction and karyopyknotic cells.
| Lesions, Scored Microscopically Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Hypothalamus, and Hippocampus in Rats at 60 min (i), or 30 min (ii, iii) Following Decompression after Compression with Intra-Abdominal Hypertension (25 mmHg/60min (i); 30 mmHg/30min (ii); 40 mmHg/30min (iii) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 60 min (25 mmHg) | 30 min (30 mmHg) | 30 min (40 mmHg) | |
| Cerebrum (scored 0–8, Min/Med/Max) # | |||
| Control | 2/3/3 | 3/3/3 | 3/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| Neuronal damage in the karyopyknotic areas, %, means ± SD (10 HPF, 400×) | |||
| Control | 56 ± 5 | 64 ± 5 | 69 ± 5 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 14 ± 1 * | 18 ± 1 * | 15 ± 1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 16 ± 1 * | 14 ± 1 * | 17 ± 1 * |
| Hemorrhage (% of total area) | |||
| Control | 20 ± 3 | 30 ± 3 | 35 ± 3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 2 ± 1 * | 5 ± 2 * | 5 ± 1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 2 ± 1 * | 6 ± 2 * | 7 ± 1 * |
| Edema (scored 0–3, Min/Med/Max) | |||
| Control | 2/3/3 | 3/3/3 | 3/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| Cerebellum (scored 0–8, Min/Med/Max) | |||
| Control | 2/2/2 | 2/2/2 | 3/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| Neuronal damage in the karyopyknotic areas, %, means ± SD (10 HPF, 400×) | |||
| Control | 55 ± 5 | 61 ± 4 | 73 ± 5 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 12 ± 3 * | 16 ± 2 * | 24 ± 3 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 15 ± 3 * | 14 ± 2 * | 22 ± 4 * |
| Hemorrhage (% of total area) | |||
| Control | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
| Edema (scored 0–3, Min/Med/Max) | |||
| Control | 2/3/3 | 2/3/3 | 3/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| Hippocampus (scored 0–8, Min/Med/Max) | |||
| Control | 2/3/3 | 2/3/3 | 2/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| Neuronal damage in the karyopyknotic areas, %, means ± SD (10 HPF, 400×) | |||
| Control | 24 ± 3 | 25 ± 3 | 43 ± 5 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 2 ± 1 * | 4 ± 1 * | 12 ± 2 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 3 ± 1 * | 3 ± 1 * | 14 ± 2 * |
| Hemorrhage (% of total area) | |||
| Control | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
| Edema (scored 0–3, Min/Med/Max) | |||
| Control | 2/2/3 | 2/2/3 | 2/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/0/0 * | 0/0/0 * | 0/0/0 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/0/0 * | 0/0/0 * | 0/0/0 * |
| Hypothalamus (scored 0–8, Min/Med/Max) | |||
| Control | 3/3/3 | 3/3/3 | 3/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| Neuronal damage in the karyopyknotic areas, %, means ± SD (10 HPF, 400×) | |||
| Control | 83 ± 4 | 96 ± 4 | 94 ± 6 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 21 ± 2 * | 32 ± 2 * | 43 ± 3 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 24 ± 2 * | 35 ± 2 * | 40 ± 3 * |
| Hemorrhage (% of total area) | |||
| Control | 20 ± 2 | 25 ± 5 | 25 ± 2 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0 ± 0 * | 0 ± 0 * | 0 ± 0 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0 ± 0 * | 0 ± 0 * | 0 ± 0 * |
| Edema (scored 0–3, Min/Med/Max) | |||
| Control | 2/3/3 | 3/3/3 | 3/3/3 |
| BPC 157 10 μg/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |
| BPC 157 10 ng/kg | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * | 0/1/1 * |