Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for individuals and households with TB by socioeconomic statusa (N = 368 from 321 households)
| Child (N = 368) | Total |
Low SES Tertile (N = 131)b |
Mid-SES Tertile (N = 125)b |
High SES Tertile (N = 112)b |
p-value |
| Age (years) | 3.2 (1.3–6.9) | 3 (1.3–5.2) | 3.4 (1.5–7) | 3.25 (1.25–7.7) | 0.26 |
| Female | 194 (52.7) | 72 (55.0) | 63 (50.4) | 59 (52.7) | 0.77 |
| HIV positive (N = 345) | 58 (16.8) | 24 (19.8) | 21 (17.8) | 13 (12.3) | 0.30 |
| Underweight | 107 (29.1) | 54 (41.2) | 30 (24.0) | 23 (20.5) | 0.001 |
| Mother primary caregiver | 288 (78.3) | 113 (86.3) | 94 (75.2) | 81 (72.3) | 0.02 |
| Primary caregiver also primary wage earner | 114 (31.0) | 48 (36.6) | 42 (34.4) | 23 (20.5) | 0.02 |
| Referred from community site | 183 (49.7) | 64 (48.9) | 67 (53.6) | 52 (46.4) | 0.53 |
| Inpatient | 86 (23.4) | 29 (22.1) | 24 (19.2) | 30 (26.8) | 0.15 |
| Microbiologically confirmed TB (n = 369) | 83 (22.6) | 29 (22.1) | 24 (19.2) | 30 (26.8) | 0.37 |
| Householdc,d (N = 321) | Total |
Low SES Tertile (n = 173) |
Mid-SES Tertile (n = 161) |
High SES Tertile (n = 168) |
p-value |
| Primary Wage Earner (n = 320) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Mother | 74 (23.1) | 41 (36.9) | 21 (18.8) | 12 (12.4) | |
| Father | 175 (54.7) | 52 (46.9) | 65 (58.0) | 58 (59.8) | |
| Other | 71 (22.2) | 18 (16.2) | 26 (23.2) | 27 (27.8) | |
| Number in household | 5 (3–6) | 4 (3–6) | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–7) | 0.01 |
| Others in household with TB | 149 (46.6) | 48 (43.2) | 49 (43.8) | 52 (53.6) | 0.25 |
| Annual Income (USD) (n = 222) | 685.7 (342.9–1371.4) | 342.9 (171.4–702.9) | 720 (514.3–1714.3) | 1028 (685.7–2742.9) | < 0.001 |
| Maternal Education (n = 301) | 0.02 | ||||
| None | 66 (14.0) | 21 (19.3) | 19 (18.5) | 10 (11.2) | |
| Primary School | 109 (36.2) | 48 (44.0) | 35 (34.0) | 26 (29.2) | |
| Secondary School | 125 (41.5) | 35 (32.1) | 45 (43.7) | 45 (50.6) | |
| Vocational | 11 (3.7) | 4 (3.7) | 4 (3.9) | 3 (3.4) | |
| University | 6 (2.0) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (5.6) | |
| Paternal Education (n = 246) | 0.001 | ||||
| None | 42 (17.1) | 25 (28.7) | 9 (11.5) | 8 (9.9) | |
| Primary School | 68 (27.6) | 29 (33.3) | 21 (26.9) | 18 (22.2) | |
| Secondary School | 103 (41.9) | 30 (34.5) | 36 (46.2) | 37 (45.7) | |
| Vocational | 18 (7.3) | 3 (3.5) | 7 (9.0) | 8 (9.9) | |
| University | 15 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (6.4) | 10 (12.4) |
aCalculated from asset-based principal components analysis
bn (%) or median (IQR)
cDenominator is the total unless indicated
dDiscrepant answers were averaged if continuous, or excluded if categorical