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. 2023 Nov 21;16:7313–7326. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S431256

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© 2023 Zhou et al.

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Chemical structure of berberine. Adapted from Ai X, Yu P, Peng L, et al. Berberine: a review of its pharmacokinetics properties and therapeutic potentials in diverse vascular diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:762654. Creative Commons.²⁴