Table 6.
Univariate Analysis of Demographics and Clinical Data on Respiratory Dysfunction Worsening in Patients without Bone Injury.
| All cases | Item | Mild respiratory dysfunction | Severe respiratory dysfunction | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 21 | n = 6 | ||||
| Patient background | Age at injury | 78.7 ± 6.2 | 83.7 ± 9.0 | 0.133 | |
| Sex: Male (%) | 90.5 | 100 | 1.000 | ||
| Height (cm) | 160.9 ± 12.4 | 163.3 ± 9.7 | 0.699 | ||
| Weight (kg) | 60.0 ± 10.8 | 49.2 ± 10.7 | 0.059 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.7 ± 6.4 | 18.4 ± 3.3 | 0.094 | ||
| Smoking history | 23.8 | 16.7 | 1.000 | ||
| Laboratory data | TP (g/dL) | 6.4 ± 0.7 | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 0.633 | |
| Alb (g/dL) | 3.3 ± 0.6 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 0.946 | ||
| Hb (g/dL) | 12.7 ± 2.1 | 12.3 ± 1.5 | 0.640 | ||
| Blood glucose level (mg/dL) | 166.2 ± 86.8 | 118.7 ± 19.7 | 0.367 | ||
| HbA1c (%) | 5.8 ± 1.0 | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 0.263 | ||
| Radiologic data | Cervical OPLL (%) | 52.4 | 33.3 | 0.719 | |
| Intramedullary signal change (%) | 90.5 | 83.3 | 1.000 | ||
| Level of intramedullary signal change (%) | C1 | 0.0 | 16.7 | 0.513 | |
| C2 | 10.5 | 0.0 | |||
| C3 | 57.9 | 50.0 | |||
| C4 | 26.3 | 0.0 | |||
| C5 | 5.3 | 0.0 | |||
| C6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| C7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Anterior vertebral hematoma (%) | 33.3 | 33.3 | 1.000 | ||
| Neurological impairment scale | Spinal cord injury (%) | 100.0 | 100.0 | — | |
| AIS A | 33.3 | 33.3 | 0.320 | ||
| B | 33.3 | 0 | |||
| C | 33.3 | 33.3 | |||
| D | 0.0 | 33.3 | |||
| Complications (%) | Complicated | 19.0 | 0.0 | 0.612 | |
| Head injury | 19.0 | 0.0 | 0.612 | ||
| Abdominal organ damage | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | ||
| Pelvic fracture | 4.8 | 0.0 | 1.000 | ||
| Vertebral artery injury | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | ||
| Concomitant diseases (%) | Cerebrovascular disease | 9.5 | 0.0 | 1.000 | |
| Dementia | 4.8 | 16.7 | 0.922 | ||
| Heart disease | 28.6 | 33.3 | 1.000 | ||
| Respiratory illness | 9.5 | 0.0 | 1.000 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 23.8 | 33.3 | 0.844 | ||
| Initial response (%) | Steroid | 23.8 | 33.3 | 0.633 | |
| Early post-injury surgery | 23.8 | 0.0 | 0.555 | ||
| Halo-vest | 4.8 | 0.0 | 1.000 | ||
| Surgical treatment | Surgical treatment (%) | 57.1 | 16.7 | 0.198 | |
| Post. decomp | 91.7 | 100 | 1.000 | ||
| Post. fusion | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Post. decomp and fusion | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Ant. fusion | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Ant. decomp and fusion | 8.3 | 0.0 | |||
| Ant. and Post. | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Post. and Ant. | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Operation time (min) | 134.2 ± 39.4 | 49.0 | — | ||
| Amount of blood loss | 196.8 ± 171.9 | 20.0 | — | ||
Abbreviations: TP, total protein; Alb, albumin; Hb, hemoglobin; OPLL, ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament; AIS, ASIA Impairment Scale; Post., posterior; Ant., anterior.