Table 2.

Cigarettes per day, cigarette dependence, and intention to quit among participants who continued to smoke after immediate nicotine reduction, gradual nicotine reduction, or smoking normal nicotine cigarettes (control).

	Control group (n = 234)	Gradual reduction group (n = 448)	Immediate reduction group (n = 457)
Cigarettes per day, mean (95% CI)	13.5 (12.2, 14.8)	11.7 (10.9, 12.6)	10.3 (9.3, 11.3)
β (95% CI)	Reference	−1.5 (−2.7, −0.3)	−3.2 (−4.5, −1.9)
	–	Reference	−1.7 (−2.8, −0.7)
Dependence (FTCD) score, mean (95% CI)	4.0 (3.7, 4.2)	3.8 (3.6, 4.0)	3.7 (3.4, 3.9)
β (95% CI)	Reference	−0.2 (−0.5, 0.1)	−0.5 (−0.7, −0.2)
	–	Reference	−0.3 (−0.5, −0.01)
Contemplation Ladder score, mean (95% CI)	5.5 (5.1, 5.8)	5.5 (5.2, 5.8)	5.7 (5.4, 6.0)
β (95% CI)	Reference	0.1 (−0.3, 0.5)	0.4 (−0.1, 0.8)
	–	Reference	0.3 (−0.1, 0.7)

Note: FTCD=Fagerström test for cigarette dependence without the cigarettes per day item (scale: 0 = least to 7 = most dependent). Contemplation Ladder (scale: 0 = no thought of quitting to 10 = taking action to quit). Analyses are limited to the 1139 participants who did not achieve CO-verified 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at the week 24 follow-up. Significant (p < .05) findings are bolded. Missing data are handled with multiple imputation.