Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Participants
| Normal (Mean+SD / N(%)) | VAE-NT (Mean+SD / N(%)) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 202 | 94 | |
| Age | 28.00 ± 7.16 | 21.89 ± 6.18 | <0.001 |
| Female | 126 (62.38%) | 22 (23.40%) | - |
| Male | 76 (37.62%) | 72 (76.60%) | - |
| Corneal tomographic parameters | |||
| Kflat (D) | 42.70 ± 1.45 | 42.24 ± 1.19 | 0.008 |
| Ksteep (D) | 43.90 ± 1.55 | 43.58 ± 1.40 | 0.155 |
| Kmax (D) | 44.43 ± 1.64 | 44.27 ± 1.44 | 0.558 |
| CCT (μm) | 538.05 ± 26.15 | 533.81 ± 22.46 | 0.126 |
| ACT (μm) | 537.77 ± 26.23 | 533.11 ± 22.51 | 0.094 |
| TCT (μm) | 534.27 ± 26.14 | 527.93 ± 22.73 | 0.029 |
| Discrepancy CCT vs TCT (μm) | 3.78 ± 1.93 | 5.88 ± 3.64 | <0.001 |
| Discrepancy ACT vs TCT (μm) | 3.50 ± 2.09 | 5.18 ± 3.42 | <0.001 |
| Distance CCT vs TCT (mm) | 0.66 ± 0.20 | 0.73 ± 0.24 | 0.047 |
| FE.at.TP (μm) | 2.60 ± 1.32 | 2.80 ± 1.61 | 0.457 |
| BE.at.TP (μm) | 5.32 ± 3.10 | 6.77 ± 3.77 | 0.001 |
| ARTmax | 430.03 ± 65.99 | 373.91 ± 75.65 | <0.001 |
| ARC (3mm Zone) (mm) | 7.79 ± 0.26 | 7.84 ± 0.22 | 0.134 |
| PRC (3mm Zone) (mm) | 6.37 ± 0.24 | 6.31 ± 0.22 | 0.021 |
| Df | 0.47 ± 0.95 | 0.47 ± 1.17 | 0.590 |
| Db | 0.11 ± 0.81 | 0.09 ± 0.82 | 0.926 |
| Dp | 0.71 ± 0.78 | 1.36 ± 0.99 | <0.001 |
| Dt | 0.14 ± 0.75 | 0.32 ± 0.66 | 0.031 |
| Da | 0.53 ± 0.60 | 1.04 ± 0.69 | <0.001 |
| BAD D | 1.11 ± 0.55 | 1.44 ± 0.64 | <0.001 |
| Corneal biomechanical parameters | |||
| IOPnct | 17.55 ± 2.98 | 15.02 ± 2.02 | <0.001 |
| bIOP | 17.68 ± 2.74 | 15.45 ± 1.71 | <0.001 |
| SSI | 0.94 ± 0.15 | 0.89 ± 0.15 | 0.020 |
| DA.Ratio (2mm) | 4.36 ± 0.82 | 4.66 ± 0.81 | <0.001 |
| Integr. Radius | 8.33 ± 0.95 | 9.26 ± 0.98 | <0.001 |
| ARTh | 471.10 ± 83.98 | 490.30 ± 92.65 | 0.068 |
| SP-A1 | 104.40 ± 14.48 | 103.24 ± 15.97 | 0.335 |
| CBI | 0.12 ± 0.20 | 0.19 ± 0.28 | 0.306 |
| TBI | 0.25 ± 0.19 | 0.42 ± 0.33 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: K, keratometry; D, diopter; CCT, central corneal thickness; ACT, apex corneal thickness; TCT, thinnest corneal thickness; Discrepancy CCT vs TCT, absolute value of discrepancy between central corneal thickness and thinnest corneal thickness; Discrepancy ACT vs TCT, absolute value of discrepancy between apex corneal thickness and thinnest corneal thickness; Distance CCT vs TCT, absolute value of vector distance between central corneal thickness and thinnest corneal thickness; FE.at.TP, front elevation at thinnest pachymetry; BE.at.TP, back elevation at thinnest pachymetry; ARTmax, maximum Ambrósio relational thickness; ARC, anterior radius of curvature; PRC, posterior radius of curvature; Df, deviation of front elevation difference map; Db, derivation of back elevation difference map; Dp, deviation of average pachymetric progression; Dt, deviation of minimum thickness; Da, deviation of ARTmax; BAD D, Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Deviation; IOPnct, intraocular pressure measured with non-contact tonometer; bIOP, biomechanically-corrected IOP; SSI, stress-strain index; DA, deformation amplitude; Integr. Radius, integrated radius; ARTh, Ambrósio’s relational thickness in the horizontal profile; SP-A1, stiffness parameter at first applanation; CBI, corvis biomechanical index; TBI, Tomography and Biomechanical Index.