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. 2023 Nov 22;16:3383–3406. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S434439

Table 3.

The Comparison Between Secretomes and Extracellular Vesicles

Secretomes EVs
Origin Soluble factors secreted by stem cells into a conditioned medium.3 Naturally released stem cell vesicles in secretomes.55
Contents Many bioactive molecules, including EVs.3 Many bioactive molecules, particularly Exo, MVs, and ABs.36,56,57
Size Not quantifiable in terms of physical size. Exosomes: 30–150 nm
Ectosomes/ Microvesicles: 50–500 nm
Apoptotic bodies: 1000–50004
Advantages The generation process is less challenging.3 More advantageous in their biological function due to their small size, great stability, low cytotoxicity, immunogenicity, and target specificity (especially exosomes).35
Limitations Products are highly heterogeneous due to the difficulty of purifying the specific therapeutic components.54 Technical challenges in isolation and purification.54