Table 3.
The Comparison Between Secretomes and Extracellular Vesicles
Secretomes | EVs | |
---|---|---|
Origin | Soluble factors secreted by stem cells into a conditioned medium.3 | Naturally released stem cell vesicles in secretomes.55 |
Contents | Many bioactive molecules, including EVs.3 | Many bioactive molecules, particularly Exo, MVs, and ABs.36,56,57 |
Size | Not quantifiable in terms of physical size. | Exosomes: 30–150 nm Ectosomes/ Microvesicles: 50–500 nm Apoptotic bodies: 1000–50004 |
Advantages | The generation process is less challenging.3 | More advantageous in their biological function due to their small size, great stability, low cytotoxicity, immunogenicity, and target specificity (especially exosomes).35 |
Limitations | Products are highly heterogeneous due to the difficulty of purifying the specific therapeutic components.54 | Technical challenges in isolation and purification.54 |