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. 2014 Sep 4;2014(9):CD006424. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006424.pub3

Comparison 2. Sensitivity analysis.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Mean HbA1c at 3 months excluding studies with randomisation bias 13 1384 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.34 [‐0.52, ‐0.16]
1.1 Final values 10 1050 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.14 [‐0.37, 0.09]
1.2 Change scores 3 334 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.70 [‐1.01, ‐0.39]
2 Mean HbA1c at 3 months: excluding studies with non‐standard time frames 13 1217 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.43 [‐0.62, ‐0.24]
2.1 Final values 10 883 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.26 [‐0.50, ‐0.01]
2.2 Change scores 3 334 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.70 [‐1.01, ‐0.39]
3 Mean HbA1c at up to 6 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias 12 1743 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.55 [‐0.76, ‐0.34]
3.1 Final values 5 957 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.55 [‐0.93, ‐0.18]
3.2 Change scores 7 786 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.56 [‐0.85, ‐0.28]
4 Mean HbA1c at up to 6 months: excluding studies with non‐standard time frames 11 1664 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.52 [‐0.74, ‐0.30]
4.1 Final values 5 957 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.55 [‐0.93, ‐0.18]
4.2 Change scores 6 707 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.51 [‐0.82, ‐0.20]
5 Mean HbA1c at up to 6 months: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment 3 484 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.41 [‐0.65, ‐0.16]
5.1 Final values 3 484 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.41 [‐0.65, ‐0.16]
6 Mean HbA1c at up to 1 year: excluding studies with randomisation bias 7 1471 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.27 [‐0.48, ‐0.06]
6.1 Final values 6 1241 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.29 [‐0.54, ‐0.03]
6.2 Change scores 1 230 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.26 [‐0.77, 0.25]
7 Mean HbA1c at up to 1 year: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment 3 633 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.09 [‐0.29, 0.10]
7.1 Final values 3 633 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.09 [‐0.29, 0.10]
8 Mean HbA1c at 24 months: excluding studies with complex interventions: Gary 2009 3 1726 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.47 [‐0.91, ‐0.03]
8.1 Final values 2 253 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.71 [‐1.07, ‐0.35]
8.2 Change scores 1 1473 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.18 [‐0.34, ‐0.01]
9 Mean HbA1c at 24 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias 3 795 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.47 [‐0.93, ‐0.00]
9.1 Final values 2 253 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.71 [‐1.07, ‐0.35]
9.2 Change scores 1 542 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.43, 0.19]
10 Mean HbA1c at 24 months: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment 1 542 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.43, 0.19]
10.1 Change scores 1 542 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.43, 0.19]
11 Final mean knowledge at 3 months: excluding studies with no valid tool/scale direction 8 686 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.23 [‐0.03, 0.49]
11.1 Mean values 6 582 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.19 [‐0.09, 0.47]
11.2 Change scores 2 104 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.32 [‐0.59, 1.24]
12 Final mean knowledge at up to 3 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias 9 878 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.31 [0.05, 0.56]
12.1 Mean values 7 774 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.28 [‐0.01, 0.57]
12.2 Change scores 2 104 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.32 [‐0.59, 1.24]
13 Final mean knowledge at 3 months: excluding studies with non‐standard time frames 9 744 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.28 [0.04, 0.53]
13.1 Mean values 7 640 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.26 [‐0.01, 0.52]
13.2 Change scores 2 104 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.32 [‐0.59, 1.24]
14 Final mean knowledge at 3 months: excluding change scores 8 832 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.33 [0.07, 0.60]
14.1 Mean values 8 832 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.33 [0.07, 0.60]
15 Final mean knowledge at up to 6 months with non‐standard time frames 8 821 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.50 [0.29, 0.70]
15.1 Mean values 6 717 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.51 [0.29, 0.73]
15.2 Change scores 2 104 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.35 [‐0.47, 1.18]
16 Final mean knowledge at up to 6 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias 7 766 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.51 [0.29, 0.74]
16.1 Mean values 5 662 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.53 [0.28, 0.78]
16.2 Change scores 2 104 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.35 [‐0.47, 1.18]
17 Final mean knowledge at 6 months: excluding studies with no valid tool/scale direct 6 741 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.62 [0.44, 0.80]
17.1 Mean values 4 637 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.65 [0.49, 0.81]
17.2 Change scores 2 104 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.35 [‐0.47, 1.18]
18 Final mean knowledge at 6 months: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment 3 483 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.55 [0.23, 0.87]
18.1 Mean values 3 483 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.55 [0.23, 0.87]
19 Final mean knowledge at 6 months: excluding change scores 7 890 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.51 [0.33, 0.69]
19.1 Mean values 7 890 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.51 [0.33, 0.69]
20 Final mean knowledge at 1 year: excluding studies with no valid tool/scale direct 1 111 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.22 [‐0.15, 0.60]
21 Mean BMI at up to 6 months (kg/m2): excluding studies with non‐standard time frames 7 675 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.47 [‐0.91, ‐0.02]
21.1 Final values 3 429 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.34 [‐2.54, ‐0.14]
21.2 Change scores 4 246 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.38 [‐0.78, 0.03]
22 Mean diastolic BP at 3 months (mm Hg): excluding non‐standard time frames 7 610 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.64 [‐3.15, ‐0.14]
22.1 Final values 5 506 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.67 [‐3.33, ‐0.01]
22.2 Change scores 2 104 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.54 [‐5.10, 2.01]
23 Mean triglycerides at 3 to 4 months (mg/dL) with randomisation bias 4 605 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐22.93 [‐40.47, ‐5.39]
23.1 Final values 3 580 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐20.76 [‐43.43, 1.91]
23.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐31.70 [‐71.90, 8.50]