1 Mean HbA1c at 3 months excluding studies with randomisation bias |
13 |
1384 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.34 [‐0.52, ‐0.16] |
1.1 Final values |
10 |
1050 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.14 [‐0.37, 0.09] |
1.2 Change scores |
3 |
334 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.70 [‐1.01, ‐0.39] |
2 Mean HbA1c at 3 months: excluding studies with non‐standard time frames |
13 |
1217 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.43 [‐0.62, ‐0.24] |
2.1 Final values |
10 |
883 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.26 [‐0.50, ‐0.01] |
2.2 Change scores |
3 |
334 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
‐0.70 [‐1.01, ‐0.39] |
3 Mean HbA1c at up to 6 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias |
12 |
1743 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.55 [‐0.76, ‐0.34] |
3.1 Final values |
5 |
957 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.55 [‐0.93, ‐0.18] |
3.2 Change scores |
7 |
786 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.56 [‐0.85, ‐0.28] |
4 Mean HbA1c at up to 6 months: excluding studies with non‐standard time frames |
11 |
1664 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.52 [‐0.74, ‐0.30] |
4.1 Final values |
5 |
957 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.55 [‐0.93, ‐0.18] |
4.2 Change scores |
6 |
707 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.51 [‐0.82, ‐0.20] |
5 Mean HbA1c at up to 6 months: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment |
3 |
484 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.41 [‐0.65, ‐0.16] |
5.1 Final values |
3 |
484 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.41 [‐0.65, ‐0.16] |
6 Mean HbA1c at up to 1 year: excluding studies with randomisation bias |
7 |
1471 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.27 [‐0.48, ‐0.06] |
6.1 Final values |
6 |
1241 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.29 [‐0.54, ‐0.03] |
6.2 Change scores |
1 |
230 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.26 [‐0.77, 0.25] |
7 Mean HbA1c at up to 1 year: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment |
3 |
633 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.09 [‐0.29, 0.10] |
7.1 Final values |
3 |
633 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.09 [‐0.29, 0.10] |
8 Mean HbA1c at 24 months: excluding studies with complex interventions: Gary 2009 |
3 |
1726 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.47 [‐0.91, ‐0.03] |
8.1 Final values |
2 |
253 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.71 [‐1.07, ‐0.35] |
8.2 Change scores |
1 |
1473 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.18 [‐0.34, ‐0.01] |
9 Mean HbA1c at 24 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias |
3 |
795 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.47 [‐0.93, ‐0.00] |
9.1 Final values |
2 |
253 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.71 [‐1.07, ‐0.35] |
9.2 Change scores |
1 |
542 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.12 [‐0.43, 0.19] |
10 Mean HbA1c at 24 months: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment |
1 |
542 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.12 [‐0.43, 0.19] |
10.1 Change scores |
1 |
542 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.12 [‐0.43, 0.19] |
11 Final mean knowledge at 3 months: excluding studies with no valid tool/scale direction |
8 |
686 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.23 [‐0.03, 0.49] |
11.1 Mean values |
6 |
582 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.19 [‐0.09, 0.47] |
11.2 Change scores |
2 |
104 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.32 [‐0.59, 1.24] |
12 Final mean knowledge at up to 3 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias |
9 |
878 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.31 [0.05, 0.56] |
12.1 Mean values |
7 |
774 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.28 [‐0.01, 0.57] |
12.2 Change scores |
2 |
104 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.32 [‐0.59, 1.24] |
13 Final mean knowledge at 3 months: excluding studies with non‐standard time frames |
9 |
744 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.28 [0.04, 0.53] |
13.1 Mean values |
7 |
640 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.26 [‐0.01, 0.52] |
13.2 Change scores |
2 |
104 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.32 [‐0.59, 1.24] |
14 Final mean knowledge at 3 months: excluding change scores |
8 |
832 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.33 [0.07, 0.60] |
14.1 Mean values |
8 |
832 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.33 [0.07, 0.60] |
15 Final mean knowledge at up to 6 months with non‐standard time frames |
8 |
821 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.50 [0.29, 0.70] |
15.1 Mean values |
6 |
717 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.51 [0.29, 0.73] |
15.2 Change scores |
2 |
104 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.35 [‐0.47, 1.18] |
16 Final mean knowledge at up to 6 months: excluding studies with randomisation bias |
7 |
766 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.51 [0.29, 0.74] |
16.1 Mean values |
5 |
662 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.53 [0.28, 0.78] |
16.2 Change scores |
2 |
104 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.35 [‐0.47, 1.18] |
17 Final mean knowledge at 6 months: excluding studies with no valid tool/scale direct |
6 |
741 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.62 [0.44, 0.80] |
17.1 Mean values |
4 |
637 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.65 [0.49, 0.81] |
17.2 Change scores |
2 |
104 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.35 [‐0.47, 1.18] |
18 Final mean knowledge at 6 months: excluding studies with inadequate description of allocation concealment |
3 |
483 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.55 [0.23, 0.87] |
18.1 Mean values |
3 |
483 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.55 [0.23, 0.87] |
19 Final mean knowledge at 6 months: excluding change scores |
7 |
890 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.51 [0.33, 0.69] |
19.1 Mean values |
7 |
890 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.51 [0.33, 0.69] |
20 Final mean knowledge at 1 year: excluding studies with no valid tool/scale direct |
1 |
111 |
Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.22 [‐0.15, 0.60] |
21 Mean BMI at up to 6 months (kg/m2): excluding studies with non‐standard time frames |
7 |
675 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.47 [‐0.91, ‐0.02] |
21.1 Final values |
3 |
429 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐1.34 [‐2.54, ‐0.14] |
21.2 Change scores |
4 |
246 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.38 [‐0.78, 0.03] |
22 Mean diastolic BP at 3 months (mm Hg): excluding non‐standard time frames |
7 |
610 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐1.64 [‐3.15, ‐0.14] |
22.1 Final values |
5 |
506 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐1.67 [‐3.33, ‐0.01] |
22.2 Change scores |
2 |
104 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐1.54 [‐5.10, 2.01] |
23 Mean triglycerides at 3 to 4 months (mg/dL) with randomisation bias |
4 |
605 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐22.93 [‐40.47, ‐5.39] |
23.1 Final values |
3 |
580 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐20.76 [‐43.43, 1.91] |
23.2 Change scores |
1 |
25 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐31.70 [‐71.90, 8.50] |