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. 2014 Sep 4;2014(9):CD006424. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006424.pub3

Comparison 14. Subgroup analysis of interventions lasting less than 3 months.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Mean HbA1c at up to 3 months 9 638 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.28 [‐0.61, 0.04]
1.1 Final values 8 613 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.23 [‐0.59, 0.13]
1.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.56 [‐1.12, ‐0.00]
2 Mean HbA1c at up to 6 months 5 737 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.43 [‐0.64, ‐0.23]
2.1 Final values 2 247 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.65 [‐1.71, 0.41]
2.2 Change scores 3 490 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.43 [‐0.65, ‐0.21]
3 Mean HbA1c at 24 months 1 109 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.80 [‐1.66, 0.06]
4 Mean systolic blood pressure at up to 3 months (mm Hg) 5 379 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.46 [‐1.75, 6.67]
4.1 Final values 4 354 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.18 [‐2.39, 6.76]
4.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 4.0 [‐6.77, 14.77]
5 Mean systolic blood pressure at up to 6 months (mm Hg) 2 80 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.65 [‐9.25, 7.94]
5.1 Final values 1 55 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.0 [‐12.44, 10.44]
5.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.20 [‐13.23, 12.83]
6 Mean diastolic blood pressure at up to 3 months (mm Hg) 5 377 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.45 [‐3.02, 2.12]
6.1 Final values 4 352 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.24 [‐3.25, 2.78]
6.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐2.87 [‐9.97, 4.23]
7 Mean diastolic blood pressure at up to 6 months (mm Hg) 2 80 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.06 [‐5.81, 3.69]
7.1 Final values 1 55 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.0 [‐6.07, 4.07]
7.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.47 [‐14.96, 12.02]
8 Mean BMI at up to 3 months (kg/m2) 3 99 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.46 [‐2.01, 1.08]
8.1 Final values 2 74 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.97 [‐3.32, 1.38]
8.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.08 [‐2.13, 1.97]
9 Mean BMI at up to 6 months (kg/m2) 2 80 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.96 [‐3.19, 1.28]
9.1 Final values 1 55 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐2.70 [‐6.12, 0.72]
9.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.21 [‐1.68, 1.26]
10 Mean total cholesterol at up to 3 months (mg/dL) 3 304 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐5.91 [‐14.72, 2.91]
10.1 Final values 2 279 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐6.93 [‐17.28, 3.42]
10.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐3.2 [‐20.03, 13.63]
11 Mean total cholesterol at up to 6 months (mg/dL) 2 80 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐7.81 [‐22.28, 6.66]
11.1 Final values 1 55 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.30 [‐18.60, 23.20]
11.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐13.2 [‐25.70, ‐0.70]
12 Mean LDL at up to 3 months (mg/dL) 2 80 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 3.54 [‐7.39, 14.47]
12.1 Final values 1 55 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 6.0 [‐10.03, 22.03]
12.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.4 [‐13.55, 16.35]
13 Mean LDL at up to 6 months (mg/dL) 2 77 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐2.34 [‐18.81, 14.13]
13.1 Final values 1 52 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 7.80 [‐11.20, 26.80]
13.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐9.3 [‐21.63, 3.03]
14 Mean HDL at up to 3 months (mg/dL) 2 82 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.58 [‐7.76, 4.59]
14.1 Final values 1 57 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐4.80 [‐10.52, 0.92]
14.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.50 [‐3.93, 6.93]
15 Mean HDL at up to 6 months (mg/dL) 2 80 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐3.07 [‐7.04, 0.91]
15.1 Final scores 1 55 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐5.10 [‐11.88, 1.68]
15.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.00 [‐6.91, 2.91]
16 Mean triglycerides at up to 3 months (mg/dL) 2 82 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐34.52 [‐69.98, 0.94]
16.1 Final values 1 57 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐44.40 [‐119.65, 30.85]
16.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐31.70 [‐71.90, 8.50]
17 Mean triglycerides at up to 6 months (mg/dL) 2 80 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐12.86 [‐37.60, 11.87]
17.1 Final values 1 55 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐17.20 [‐60.10, 25.70]
17.2 Change scores 1 25 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐10.7 [‐40.97, 19.57]
18 Final mean knowledge (diabetes and nutrition knowledge) at up to 3 months 7 497 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.29 [‐0.06, 0.64]
18.1 Final values 6 472 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.36 [‐0.01, 0.72]
18.2 Change scores 1 25 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.21 [‐1.01, 0.59]
19 Final mean knowledge (diabetes and nutrition knowledge) at up to 6 months 5 483 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.43 [0.11, 0.76]
19.1 Final values 4 458 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.51 [0.19, 0.83]
19.2 Change scores 1 25 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.14 [‐0.94, 0.66]
20 Final mean self‐efficacy and empowerment [on diet and health beliefs on barriers] at up to 3 months 4 283 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.07 [‐0.25, 0.38]
20.1 Final values 4 283 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.07 [‐0.25, 0.38]
20.2 Change scores 0 0 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
21 Final mean self‐efficacy and empowerment on diet (can choose correct food) at 6 months 1 192 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.65, 1.25]
21.1 Final values 1 192 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.65, 1.25]
22 Mean quality of life measures at 3 to 4 months 1 25 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.48 [‐0.34, 1.29]
22.1 Final values 0 0 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
22.2 Change scores 1 25 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.48 [‐0.34, 1.29]
23 QoL up to 6 months (overall QoL and mental QoL) 1 25 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.63 [‐1.46, 0.19]
23.1 Change scores 1 25 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.63 [‐1.46, 0.19]
24 Emergency visits at 6 months 1 352 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.03 [‐0.21, 0.16]
24.1 Change values 1 352 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.03 [‐0.21, 0.16]