| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Ahmedani 2012 | Includes both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and does not focus on ethnic group in Pakistan |
| Al‐Shookri 2012 | Arab Omanis are not an ethnic minority |
| Alexander 2008 | Not a randomised controlled trial (RCT) |
| Amano 2007 | Not an ethnic minority group |
| Amaoko 2007 | Not clearly defined diabetes health education |
| Amaoko 2008 | Outcome assessed only at 6 weeks, not clearly defined diabetes health education |
| Andersen 2013 | Excluded if have diabetes |
| Anderson 2010 | Multi‐ethnic group |
| Arakaki 2009 | No specific ethnic minority group |
| Arora 2012 | Not an RCT, includes both type 1 and type 2 diabetes |
| Barrera 2012 | No outcomes from our protocol |
| Batik 2008 | No health education |
| Blackwell 2011 | No ethnic group; participants did not have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) |
| Bogner 2010 | Not clearly defined health education |
| Bolin 2013 | Not type 2 diabetes, mixed ethnic group |
| Borges 2007 | Outcomes assessed at 1 month only |
| Boudreau 2011 | No outcomes from our review |
| Bravis 2010 | Appears participants were not randomly assigned |
| Bray 2013 | Not an RCT |
| Brown 2007 | No control group, not an RCT |
| Brown 2010 | Not an RCT |
| Brown 2011 | All received culturally appropriate health education (HE). Intervention group had nurse case manager |
| Calle 2009 | No outcomes specified in our protocol |
| Calles‐Escandon 2010 | Intervention not diabetes health education (HE) |
| Chan 2009 | Not an ethnic minority group, intervention not culturally adapted |
| Choi 2012 | Not an RCT, also this is a pilot study |
| Choudhury 2008 | Qualitative study, not an RCT |
| Comellas 2010 | No control group, not an RCT. Mutli‐ethnic group |
| Cramer 2007 | Not specified by ethnic group |
| Crasto 2010 | No specific ethnic minority group |
| Crasto 2011 | No ethnic minority group |
| Davidson 2007 | No control group, not an RCT |
| Davis 2009 | Participants did not have type 2 diabetes |
| Davis 2009a | Multi‐ethnic group, no clearly defined ethnic group |
| Davis 2009b | Conference abstract for Diabetes Telecare Study (Davis 2009a) |
| Davis 2011 | Not an RCT |
| Deitrick 2010 | Qualitative study, not an RCT |
| Douglas 2013 | Not type 2 diabetes, participants have "impaired glycaemia" |
| Eakin 2007 | Any chronic condition, not just type 2 diabetes |
| Egede 2010 | No results |
| Ell 2009 | Just design, no results |
| Ezenwaka 2011 | Not an ethnic minority group |
| Fatima 2011 | Cohort study with purposive sampling |
| Fernandez 2011 | No clearly defined outcome from protocol, assesses questionnaire validity |
| Gerber 2012 | Trial design, plus mixed ethnic group |
| Gill 2010 | No control group, not an RCT |
| Glasgow 2011 | No specific ethnic minority group |
| Henderson 2012 | Study not completed and cultural intervention not clear |
| Heudebert 2013 | Abstract of conference only. Does not appear culturally adapted. |
| Hill‐Briggs 2007 | Not an RCT |
| Hill‐Briggs 2011 | Intervention not culturally adapted |
| Hotu 2010 | No health education in intervention |
| Ivey 2012 | Not an RCT |
| Jernigan 2011 | Not an RCT |
| Jones 2008 | Qualitative study, not an RCT |
| Kanaya 2012 | Participants do not have type 2 diabetes |
| Katula 2011 | Participants did not have type 2 diabetes |
| Klug 2008 | Not an RCT |
| Latham 2009 | No control group, not an RCT |
| Leeman 2008 | No control group, not an RCT |
| Lenjawi 2012 | Discussed with KH. Qatar not on list of selected countries and excluded, as study population is the national group not at a disadvantage |
| Levetan 2002 | Study included only 86% of African Americans, and the intervention was not culturally relevant |
| Liang 2011 | Participants did not all have type 2 diabetes plus did not receive not a culturally tailored intervention |
| Lunde 2012 | Participants do not have type 2 diabetes |
| Martin 2011 | Just about recruitment, not an RCT |
| McCloskey 2009 | Not an RCT |
| Metghalchi 2008 | Cohort study, not an RCT |
| Mohamed 2013 | Arabs in Qatar not ethnic minority group |
| Murrock 2009 | Not health education |
| Nam 2010 | Cross‐sectional survey, not an RCT |
| Osuna 2011 | Pilot study, not an RCT |
| Oyetayo 2011 | Not an RCT |
| Palmas 2012 | It is a protocol |
| Peña‐Purcell 2011 | Not a randomised controlled trial |
| Phumipamorn 2008 | Not an ethnic group, not culturally adapted |
| Powers 2009 | This is a protocol |
| Prezio 2013 | No clearly defined ethnic group |
| Raberg Kjollesdal 2011 | Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes |
| Rosal 2009 | No results, just design |
| Rothschild 2012 | Study design paper |
| Ruelas 2009 | Not clearly defined health education and unsure whether culturally adapted. Both groups had same number of visits |
| Ruggiero 2010 | Multi‐ethnic group |
| Ruggiero 2010b | No specific ethnic minority group |
| Ryan 2013 | Not an RCT (feasibility study), no clearly defined ethnic group |
| Saha 2013 | Protocol, not for diabetic individuals |
| Salto 2011 | Not an RCT |
| Shea 2009 | Type 1 and type 2 diabetes |
| Shenoy 2009 | Not an ethnic group, not a culturally tailored intervention |
| Shenoy 2010 | Not an ethnic group, intervention not culturally adapted |
| Shi 2010 | Not an ethnic minority group |
| Skelly 2008 | Not an RCT |
| Skoro‐Kondza 2009 | Multi‐ethnic group, not health education |
| Sun 2012 | Includes both type 1 and type 2 diabetes |
| Tang 2010 | Not an RCT |
| Tang 2011 | Not an RCT |
| Tang 2012 | Not an RCT |
| Trief 2013 | Not clear whether only type 2, also mixed ethnic groups |
| Utz 2008 | No control group, not an RCT |
| Vincent 2008 | Qualitative data for same trial as Vincent 2007 |
| Walker 2008 | includes both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and multi‐ethnic group |
| Walker 2010 | Participants were not randomly assigned to intervention |
| Walker 2011 | Mixed ethnic group |
| Wattana 2007 | Not an ethnic minority group |
| Weinstock 2011 | Type 1 and type 2 diabetes, multi‐ethnic group |
| Weinstock 2011b | Participants had both type 1 and type 2 diabetes |
| Welch 2011 | No clearly defined diabetes health education and both groups culturally adapted |
| West 2007 | Mixed ethnic group and no diabetes health education |
| West 2008 | Partcipants do not have type 2 diabetes |
| Wheeler 2012 | Not an RCT |
| Williams 2013 | For non‐diabetic individuals, trial design |
| Winston 2009 | Conference abstract. No specific ethnic minority group |
DM: diabetes mellitus; HE: health education; RCT: randomised controlled trial