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[Preprint]. 2023 Nov 14:2023.11.10.566605. [Version 1] doi: 10.1101/2023.11.10.566605

Figure 3. SST activation simultaneously reduces neural and perceptual contrast sensitivity A.

Figure 3.

SST stimulation significantly decreased contrast response function slope (inset) in contrast tuned RS neurons (−0.88 ± 0.54 MI, median ± MAD, 146 RS neurons; p<1e-13, Wilcoxon signed rank test), and significantly more than did PV stimulation (0.57±0.55MI,p<1e-11;166 excitatory neurons; PV vs SST, p=0.032, 1 -tail Wilcoxon rank-sum test).

B. Same as A for RS neurons with high firing rate (> 3 spikes/s, population median). Larger slope decrease with SST (−0.54 ± 0.53 MI, 80 RS neurons) versus PV stimulation (−0.20 ± 0.50 MI, 71 RS neurons; PV vs SST, p=0.010). Inset shows schematic for neurons that become contrast insensitive (MI = −1) with SST stimulation (38% of neurons with SST stimulation; 21% of neurons with PV stimulation; p=0.021, Fisher’s exact test).

C. Hierarchical bootstrapping verified robustness of RS slope changes. SST stimulation significantly decreased the slope of RS neurons (-0.75±0.31Ml,p<0.05,>95% of bootstrapped samples had a decrease in slope), but distal PV stimulation did not significantly decrease the slope of RS neurons (-0.54±0.31,p=0.10).

D. Response of 4 example simultaneously recorded RS neurons with a neural slope MI = −1 during distal SST stimulation. Spiking activity decreased to 0 across contrasts (individual curves offset from 0 for visualization). Corresponding behavioral slope MI = −0.57. Mean ± SEM.

E. The corresponding perceptual MI for neural MI = −1 (68 RS neurons during SST stimulation, 64 RS neurons during PV stimulation). Significant decrease in perceptual MI with SST stimulation (−0.55 ± 0.24 MI, median ± MAD; p<1e-10, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), but not PV stimulation ( 0.00±0.29Ml;p=0.12). Median ± IQR.

F. Changes in neural and perceptual slope of contrast sensitivity more strongly correlated during SST stimulation (ρ=0.35,p<1e-4, Spearman’s rank correlation) than distal PV stimulation (ρ=0.15,p=0.048).