. 2023 Nov-Dec;21(6):534–544. doi: 10.1370/afm.3037

Table 2.

Detailed Patient Characteristics (N = 29)

Case No.	Recruitment	Interview Source(s)				Age Decile at Death/Inclusion, y	Sex	Timing of Inclusion^a	Request for PAD?	VSED Attempt?	Time Between Attempt and First Interview	Died During Attempt?
Case No.	Recruitment	Patient	Relative	Physician	Nurse	Age Decile at Death/Inclusion, y	Sex	Timing of Inclusion^a	Request for PAD?	VSED Attempt?	Time Between Attempt and First Interview	Died During Attempt?
Group 1: VSED to remain in control (n = 12)
2	NVVE		x			60s	M	After	Yes	Yes	3 Months after	Yes
4	NVVE	x		x		80s	M	During	No	Yes	Day 4 of attempt	Yes
5	NVVE	x	x	x		90s	M	During	Yes	Yes	Day 8 of attempt	Yes
6	Other		x			80s	F	After	No	Yes	2 Years after	Yes
7	NVVE	x				80s	M	Before	Yes	No	…	NA
10	NVVE		x			80s	M	After	Yes	Yes	1 Year after	Yes
11	NVVE	x				70s	F	Before	Yes	No	…	NA
13	NVVE		x			90s	F	After	Yes	Yes	2 Years after	Yes
20	Other				x	70s	F	After	Yes	Yes	4 Years after	Yes
21	Caregiver	x				70s	F	Before	Yes	Yes	Day 1 of attempt	Yes^b
25	NVVE	x				70s	M	Before	Yes	No^c	(4 Months before PAD)	NA
27	Caregiver			x		70s	M	After	Yes	Yes	3 Weeks after	Yes
Group 2: VSED to accelerate natural death (n = 11)
8	NVVE		x			90s	F	After	Yes	Yes	8 Months after	Yes
9	NVVE		x			70s	F	After	No	Yes	8 Years after	No
12	NVVE		x			80s	F	After	Yes	Yes	15 Months after	Yes
14	Caregiver	x	x	x		90s	F	During	Yes	Yes	Day 1 of attempt	Yes
15	Internet		x	x		80s	F	Before	Yes	Yes	4 Months before	Yes
17	NVVE		x			90s	M	After	No	Yes	10 Months after	Yes
18	Caregiver		x	x		90s	M	After	No	Yes	7 Days after	Yes
19	Other		x			90s	F	After	Yes	Yes	2 Years after	Yes
24	NVVE	x				80s	M	Before	Yes	No	…	NA
28	Internet		x			90s	M	After	Yes	Yes	4 Months after	Yes
29	Caregiver		x	x	x	80s	F	Before	No	Yes	Day 9 of attempt	Yes
Group 3: VSED as a more acceptable suicide (n = 6)
1	Caregiver	x	x	x		60s	F	During	Yes	Yes	2 Days before	Yes
3	Other	x				20s	F	After	Yes	Yes	4 Days after ending VSED	No
16	NVVE		x			80s	M	After	No	Yes	9 Years after	No^b
22	NVVE	x				30s	F	Before	Yes	No	…	NA
23	NVVE	x				40s	F	After	No	Yes	17 Months after	No
26	Internet	x				30s	F	Before	Yes	Yes	2 Months before	No

F = female; M = male; NA = not applicable because VSED was not attempted; NVVE = Nederlandse Vereniging voor Vrijwillige Euthanasie (the Dutch Right-to-Die Association); PAD = physician-assisted dying; VSED = voluntary stopping of eating and drinking.

Relative to VSED attempt.

Died by suicide (ingestion of lethal substances).

Died by PAD.