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. 2023 Nov 27;13:20869. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47971-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Białystok cohort data analysed using different machines and software. (A) Z-score of cel-miR-39-3p spike-in in the group diagnosed with AD and in control group obtained using SDS or ExSuite software. (B) Standard evaluation of haemolysis level in the samples based on ΔC_q between miR-23a-3p (plasma marker) and miR-451a (red blood cell marker) with the dashed line showing a commonly applied threshold of 7, used as a cutoff for haemolysis. (C) Comparison of distribution of C_q values of potential normalisers for data analysed with ExpressionSuite (ExSuite) or Sequence Detection System (SDS) Software. (D) Pairwise C_q plots for each potential normaliser, coloured by diagnostic group: red = Alzheimer’s disease (AD), purple = Cognitively normal (HC). (E) Data from D, coloured according to the PCR machine used for analysis: green = 7900HT, orange = StepOnePlus.