Fig. 4. T and B cell subsets of secondary lymphoid organs and pancreatic islet infiltrate from NOD mice isolated and cohoused with 116C-NOD mice.

Direct ex vivo immunophenotyping of lymphocyte subpopulations within spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), Peyer’s patches (PP), caecal patch (CP), and pancreatic islet infiltrate (islets), in NOD mice isolated (isoNOD) and cohoused (coNOD) (n = 6 for each organ and group of mice). The CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell subsets included: effector T cells (CD44^high CD62L⁻ CD69⁺ CD25⁺), exhausted-like T cells (PD-1(CD279)⁺) and anergic-like T cells (Foxp3⁻ CD73^high FR4^high). The CD19⁺ B220⁺ B cell subsets comprised: follicular B cells (CD93⁻ CD21^low IgM⁺ IgD^high CD23⁺), memory B cells (CD38^high CD138⁻ GL-7⁻), and anergic B cells (CD93^- CD21^low IgM⁻ IgD^high). Two independent experiments were conducted (both represented). Data are expressed as mean ± SD and analysed with two-way ANOVA test (two-sided) on rank-transformed data-values.