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. 2023 Nov 14;14:1243910. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243910

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Copyright © 2023 Alufer, Tsaban, Rinott, Kaplan, Meir, Zelicha, Ceglarek, Isermann, Blüher, Stumvoll, Stampfer and Shai

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Fasting morning cortisol and shifting of glycemic-status. 1. (A) Sankey diagram showing the glycemic-status shifting between three groups: Normoglycemic, Pre-diabetic and Diabetic; 190 participants had a static glycemic-status shift (started and finished in the same group: Normoglycemic → Normoglycemic = 102, Pre-diabetic → Pre-diabetic = 64 and Diabetic → Diabetic = 24), 35 participants who had negative glycemicstatus shifting (started in one group and finished in a worse-diagnosed group: Normoglycemic → Pre-diabetic = 30 and Pre-diabetic → Diabetic = 5), and 33 participants who had a positive glycemic-status shifting (started at one group and finished at a better-diagnosed group: Pre-diabetic → Normoglycemic = 29 and Diabetic → Pre-diabetic = 4). 2. (B) FMC dynamics in percent across glycemic-status shifting groups. Between P values analyzed in ANCOVA model adjusted for age, gender, Intervention group and Dweight. 3. Diabetic defined as fasting glucose >=126 or HbA1c >=6.5 or receiving medical treatment for diabetes. 4. Pre-diabetic defined as 126>fasting glucose >=100 or 6.5>HbA1c>=5.7. 5. * significant within change vs. baseline at 0.05; Negative shifting group had elevated FMC levels in 6-months vs. Baseline.