Table 3.
Associations between total adherence score, categorised according to approximate score tertiles of the study population, and risk of all cancers combined and of cancers at individual anatomical sites
| Low score (0–3.5) | Mid score (3.75–4.25) | Higher score (4.5–7) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||||||
| Cancer site | Total | Incident cancers | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value |
| All cancers combined | 93,630 | 7296 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.91 (0.86; 0.97) | 0.001a | 0.92 (0.87; 0.97) | 0.004 | 0.83 (0.78; 0.87) | < 0.001a | 0.84 (0.79; 0.89) | < 0.001a |
| Prostate | 43,851 | 1818 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.06 (0.95; 1.18) | 0.275 | 1.06 (0.95; 1.18) | 0.306 | 0.98 (0.87; 1.10) | 0.686 | 0.96 (0.85; 1.08) | 0.499 |
| Breast | 50,337 | 1438 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.82 (0.72; 0.93) | 0.003 | 0.82 (0.72; 0.94) | 0.003 | 0.82 (0.73; 0.93) | 0.001a | 0.82 (0.73; 0.93) | 0.002a |
| Pre-menopausal | 1108 | 154 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.58 (0.38; 0.89) | 0.013 | 0.58 (0.38; 0.89) | 0.013 | 0.67 (0.47; 0.97) | 0.032 | 0.67 (0.47; 0.96) | 0.031 |
| Post-menopausal | 49,229 | 1284 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.83 (0.72; 0.96) | 0.010 | 0.83 (0.72; 0.96) | 0.011 | 0.81 (0.72; 0.93) | 0.002a | 0.82 (0.72; 0.93) | 0.002a |
| Colorectal | 94,656 | 862 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.78 (0.66; 0.92) | 0.004 | 0.79 (0.67; 0.93) | 0.006 | 0.76 (0.65; 0.90) | 0.001a | 0.79 (0.66; 0.93) | 0.005 |
| Colon | 94,698 | 575 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.69 (0.56; 0.85) | < 0.001a | 0.69 (0.57; 0.85) | 0.001a | 0.67 (0.55; 0.82) | < 0.001a | 0.69 (0.56; 0.84) | < 0.001a |
| Distal | 94,734 | 242 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.62 (0.46; 0.86) | 0.003 | 0.62 (0.45; 0.85) | 0.003 | 0.54 (0.39; 0.76) | < 0.001a | 0.56 (0.40; 0.77) | < 0.001a |
| Proximal | 94,748 | 303 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.77 (0.58; 1.02) | 0.069 | 0.78 (0.59; 1.03) | 0.084 | 0.75 (0.57; 1.00) | 0.057 | 0.77 (0.58; 1.02) | 0.067 |
| Rectum | 94,734 | 342 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.97 (0.74; 1.25) | 0.789 | 0.99 (0.76; 1.28) | 0.943 | 0.97 (0.74; 1.26) | 0.798 | 1.01 (0.78; 1.32) | 0.926 |
| Lung | 94,760 | 431 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.92 (0.73; 1.15) | 0.465 | 1.02 (0.81; 1.27) | 0.895 | 0.67 (0.52; 0.85) | 0.001a | 0.80 (0.63; 1.02) | 0.073 |
| Kidney | 94,754 | 221 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.85 (0.62; 1.16) | 0.299 | 0.85 (0.62; 1.17) | 0.322 | 0.64 (0.45; 0.90) | 0.011 | 0.64 (0.45; 0.92) | 0.014 |
| Pancreas | 94,770 | 213 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.72 (0.52; 1.01) | 0.061 | 0.74 (0.53; 1.04) | 0.076 | 0.73 (0.52; 1.01) | 0.058 | 0.75 (0.53; 1.04) | 0.087 |
| Uterus | 50,588 | 212 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (0.71; 1.40) | 0.994 | 0.99 (0.71; 1.39) | 0.964 | 0.84 (0.61; 1.16) | 0.287 | 0.83 (0.60; 1.14) | 0.250 |
| Oesophagus | 94,765 | 151 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.89 (0.61; 1.29) | 0.534 | 0.92 (0.63; 1.34) | 0.665 | 0.60 (0.39; 0.92) | 0.020 | 0.64 (0.41; 0.99) | 0.046 |
| Ovary | 50,603 | 147 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.69 (0.46; 1.03) | 0.071 | 0.69 (0.46; 1.03) | 0.070 | 0.57 (0.39; 0.84) | 0.005 | 0.57 (0.39; 0.84) | 0.005 |
| Bladder | 94,756 | 141 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.70 (0.47; 1.06) | 0.093 | 0.73 (0.48; 1.10) | 0.135 | 0.67 (0.43; 1.03) | 0.066 | 0.72 (0.47; 1.11) | 0.137 |
| Head and Neck | 94,763 | 129 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.45 (0.95; 2.22) | 0.086 | 1.51 (0.98; 2.31) | 0.060 | 1.42 (0.93; 2.18) | 0.108 | 1.52 (0.99; 2.33) | 0.057 |
| Stomach | 94,770 | 99 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.01 (0.63; 1.62) | 0.982 | 1.02 (0.64; 1.65) | 0.920 | 0.94 (0.57; 1.54) | 0.804 | 0.97 (0.59; 1.59) | 0.899 |
| Liver | 94,773 | 82 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.78 (0.46; 1.33) | 0.364 | 0.80 (0.47; 1.35) | 0.397 | 0.66 (0.38; 1.15) | 0.142 | 0.68 (0.39; 1.18) | 0.172 |
| Gallbladder | 94,777 | 49 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.68 (0.34; 1.35) | 0.269 | 0.67 (0.34; 1.33) | 0.251 | 0.56 (0.27; 1.15) | 0.115 | 0.54 (0.26; 1.12) | 0.098 |
Data are presented as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses (95% CIs). Lowest score tertile was the reference group. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, Townsend deprivation index, and ethnicity. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for smoking status
aFollowing correction using the Holm-Bonferroni method P < 0.05