Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with and without mortality in the cohort
| Variables | Total (n = 438) | Death (n = 42) | Survival (n = 396) | P | statistic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Sex, n (%) | 0.021 | 5.293 | |||
| female | 126 (29) | 19 (45) | 107 (27) | ||
| male | 312 (71) | 23 (55) | 289 (73) | ||
| Age, Median (Q1,Q3) | 62 (52, 71) | 71 (62.2, 76.8) | 60 (52, 70) | < 0.001 | 11,548 |
| Weekend on admission, n (%) | 159 (36) | 12 (29) | 147 (37) | 0.354 | 0.859 |
| Vascular risk factors | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 273 (62) | 24 (57) | 249 (63) | 0.574 | 0.316 |
| Smoke, n (%) | 249 (57) | 18 (43) | 231 (58) | 0.078 | 3.103 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 28 (6) | 4 (10) | 24 (6) | 0.33 | Fisher |
| CKD, n (%) | 58 (13) | 12 (29) | 46 (12) | 0.004 | 8.083 |
| Delay, n (%) | 126 (29) | 11 (26) | 115 (29) | 0.835 | 0.044 |
| Electrocardiographic diagnosis | |||||
| Inferior wall STEMI, n (%) | 191 (44) | 12 (29) | 179 (45) | 0.057 | 3.621 |
| Anterior wall STEMI, n (%) | 230 (53) | 26 (62) | 204 (52) | 0.263 | 1.253 |
| Other STEMI, n (%) | 12 (3) | 1 (2) | 11 (3) | 1 | Fisher |
| Right ventricular STEMI, n (%) | 7 (2) | 1 (2) | 6 (2) | 0.509 | Fisher |
| Clinical data | |||||
| Heart rate, Median (Q1,Q3) | 81.5 (73, 95) | 90.5 (75, 111) | 81 (73, 93) | 0.018 | 10166.5 |
| SBP, Median (Q1,Q3) | 130 (113, 142) | 128 (105.2, 139.8) | 130 (114, 142) | 0.24 | 7399 |
| DBP, Mean ± SD | 81 ± 16.3 | 75.9 ± 19.2 | 81.5 ± 15.9 | 0.073 | -1.831 |
| Shock index, Median (Q1,Q3) | 0.6 (0.6, 0.7) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.7) | 0.037 | 9940 |
| Killip, n (%) | < 0.001 | Fisher | |||
| 1 | 349 (80) | 16 (38) | 333 (84) | ||
| 2 | 47 (11) | 5 (12) | 42 (11) | ||
| 3 | 19 (4) | 6 (14) | 13 (3) | ||
| 4 | 23 (5) | 15 (36) | 8 (2) | ||
| OHCA, n (%) | 22 (5) | 17 (40) | 5 (1) | < 0.001 | Fisher |
| Laboratory examinations on admission | |||||
| WBC, Median (Q1,Q3) | 10.4 (8.5, 13.4) | 12.3 (9.5, 18.7) | 10.4 (8.3, 13.1) | 0.001 | 10,789 |
| Neutrophil count, Median (Q1,Q3) | 8.2 (6, 10.9) | 10.1 (8.1, 15.3) | 8 (5.9, 10.6) | < 0.001 | 11360.5 |
| NLR, Median (Q1,Q3) | 5.9 (3.3, 9.5) | 8.6 (5.8, 13.1) | 5.8 (3.1, 9.3) | < 0.001 | 11,351 |
| PLR, Median (Q1,Q3) | 143.6 (95.1, 204.3) | 181.2 (95.5, 276) | 142.1 (95.6, 195.6) | 0.013 | 10,205 |
| MLR, Median (Q1,Q3) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.6 (0.4, 0.9) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.022 | 10058.5 |
| SIRI, Median (Q1,Q3) | 3.8 (2.2, 6.7) | 5.6 (3.6, 9.9) | 3.6 (2.2, 6.4) | < 0.001 | 11100.5 |
| SII, Median (Q1,Q3) | 1136.5 (635.1, 1968.1) | 1823.1 (1243.6, 3138.4) | 1078.1 (629, 1879.5) | < 0.001 | 11,205 |
| HB, Mean ± SD | 137.4 ± 21.4 | 124.7 ± 22.8 | 138.8 ± 20.8 | < 0.001 | -3.827 |
| RBC, Median (Q1,Q3) | 4.6 (4.1, 5) | 4.1 (3.7, 4.8) | 4.6 (4.1, 5) | 0.002 | 5856.5 |
| PLT, Median (Q1,Q3) | 199 (162, 247) | 200.5 (163.5, 274.5) | 199 (162.5, 245) | 0.593 | 8711.5 |
| ALT, Median (Q1,Q3) | 31 (21, 48) | 37 (20, 69) | 30.5 (21, 47.2) | 0.09 | 9328 |
| AST, Median (Q1,Q3) | 63 (34.5, 134) | 128 (47, 241) | 59.5 (34, 121.2) | 0.01 | 10048.5 |
| GGT, Median (Q1,Q3) | 42 (26, 70.2) | 35 (25, 74) | 42 (27, 70) | 0.846 | 7867 |
| BUN, Median (Q1,Q3) | 5.7 (4.7, 7.6) | 8.9 (5.5, 11.6) | 5.6 (4.6, 7.3) | < 0.001 | 11,523 |
| Creatinine, Median (Q1,Q3) | 80 (63, 101) | 112 (84, 162) | 78 (62, 98) | < 0.001 | 11892.5 |
| UA, Median (Q1,Q3) | 361 (287, 435) | 449 (368, 545) | 355 (280, 419.2) | < 0.001 | 11,609 |
| CyC, Median (Q1,Q3) | 1 (0.8, 1.3) | 1.6 (1.1, 1.9) | 1 (0.8, 1.2) | < 0.001 | 11852.5 |
| CK, Median (Q1,Q3) | 454 (175, 1153.2) | 574.5 (256.5, 1379.2) | 423 (174.8, 1105.5) | 0.187 | 9346 |
| CKMB, Median (Q1,Q3) | 44 (22, 101) | 66 (29.8, 107.8) | 43 (21, 101) | 0.095 | 9618 |
| LDH, Median (Q1,Q3) | 366.5 (262.2, 581.2) | 530 (391, 829.2) | 344 (258.8, 561.5) | < 0.001 | 11,641 |
| HBDH, Median (Q1,Q3) | 257 (172, 447.8) | 393 (241.5, 631.8) | 249.5 (166, 424) | < 0.001 | 11,338 |
| CTnT, Median (Q1,Q3) | 809.8 (175.2, 2413.2) | 2294 (648.6, 5431) | 746.4 (145.7, 2195.5) | < 0.001 | 11192.5 |
| myoglobin, Median (Q1,Q3) | 233.6 (62.5, 728.4) | 705.9 (141.1, 1912) | 216.4 (55.8, 659.7) | < 0.001 | 10,777 |
| BNP, Median (Q1,Q3) | 840.9 (236.8, 2616.8) | 5483.5 (1445, 11624.5) | 753.4 (194.3, 2269.5) | < 0.001 | 11536.5 |
| Diseased vessel during procedure | |||||
| LM, n(%) | 16 (4) | 1 (2) | 15 (4) | 1 | Fisher |
| LAD, n(%) | 317 (88) | 22 (79) | 295 (89) | 0.119 | Fisher |
| LCX, n(%) | 212 (75) | 18 (78) | 194 (75) | 0.916 | Fisher |
| RCA, n(%) | 262 (85) | 18 (78) | 244 (86) | 0.354 | Fisher |
| Risk assessment | |||||
| GRACE, Median (Q1,Q3) | 118 (99, 139) | 174.5 (134.2, 198.8) | 115 (98, 133.2) | < 0.001 | 13771.5 |
Abbreviations: Shock index, ratio of HR to SBP; SIRI, systemic inflammatory response index; SII, systemic inflammatory reaction index; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; OHCA, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events score; α-HBDH, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; CTnT, cardiac troponin T; CyC, Cystatin C; RCA, right coronary artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LM, left main artery; RBC, red blood cell; PLT platelet; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; UA, uric acid