. 2023 Nov 7;12:29. Originally published 2023 Jan 9. [Version 2] doi: 10.12688/f1000research.129072.2

Table 1. Therapeutic applications of bakuchiol.

Therapeutic Application	Mechanism	Extract of Plant	Part of Plant	Plant Name	ED50 value	Reference
Anti-Inflammatory	Degranulation of neutrophils, decrease cell migration, myeloperoxidase activity, Nitric acid synthase gene inhibition	Ethanol, Seed	Leaves, Seeds	Psoralea glandulosa L. Psoralea corylifolia	50 μM	³⁵
Antimicrobial	Efflux Inhibition, Microbial growth inhibition, Inhibition E. faecium & E. faecalis DNA polymerase	Ethanol	Leaves	P. lingue	100mg/L & 1-4 μg/ml	⁴⁴ ^, ⁵⁶
Skin Disorders	Modulate gene of extracellular matrix production, Enhance fibroblast cell activity, Increase inhibition of metalloproteinase-1, Upregulation of collagen, decrease the translocation of mitochondrial apoptosis	Ethanol	Leaves, Dried seeds	Psoralea corylifolia	0.2 ml/day, 39 μM & 17.7 μM	⁴ ^, ¹³ ^, ⁶⁰
Antitumor & Hormone Therapy	Apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line, DNA polymerase enzyme Inhibition, Brest Cancer cell proliferation inhibition & S phase arrest MCF-7, upregulation of ATM serine/threonine kinase, Inhibit the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1	Phenolic, Ethanol	Seeds, dried ripe fruit	Psoralea corylifolia L.	9.58± 1.12 μmol/l, 404 µM, >2 μg/mL	¹² ^, ⁶⁵ ^, ⁶⁶
Anti-oxidative effect	Preventing lipid peroxidation, reduces retinal degeneration, reduced ROS-induced apoptosis and Retinal Ganglion Cell death, reducing 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT) oxidative stress, activating the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway	Ethanol, methylene chloride, Ethanol & sterile saline,	Seeds	Psoralea corylifolia L.	39 μM, 10 mM	¹³ ^, ⁴⁹ ^, ⁷³
Anti-Viral	Inhibition of Influenza A and reducing viral mRNA expression, Activating, Nrf genes, NADPH oxidoreductase and Glutathione S-transferase, Suppression to NF-kB inflammatory pathway, Inhibition Covid entry and overexpressing human ACE2	Ethanol	Seeds	Psoralea corylifolia L.	25 μM, 100 μM, 40.7 μM	¹⁵ ^, ⁸⁶
Combination Effect	Inhibit skin photoaging with Vanilla tahitensis, Upregulates DR4 and DR5	Water	Plant	Psoralea coryfliolia	0.5 µg/mL	¹⁰ ^, ⁹⁸