TABLE 1. Prenatal syphilis testing and treatment among birth parents of infants with congenital syphilis, by U.S. Census Bureau region, and by race and ethnicity — United States, 2022.
| Characteristic | Missed opportunities to prevent CS, no. (%) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testing |
Treatment |
Outcome |
Total | ||||
| None or nontimely* | Late identification of seroconversion† | Inadequate | None or nondocumented | Clinical evidence of CS despite adequate§ prenatal treatment | Insufficient data to identify the missed opportunity | ||
|
All cases
|
1,385 (36.8)
|
197 (5.2)
|
1,494 (39.7)
|
423 (11.2)
|
130 (3.5)
|
132 (3.5)
|
3,761
|
|
U.S. Census Bureau region¶
| |||||||
| Northeast |
83 (50.0) |
25 (15.1) |
26 (15.7) |
14 (8.4) |
11 (6.6) |
7 (4.2) |
166
|
| Midwest |
182 (40.4) |
25 (5.5) |
140 (31.0) |
58 (12.9) |
19 (4.2) |
27 (6.0) |
451
|
| South |
469 (23.7) |
101 (5.1) |
1,080 (54.5) |
200 (10.1) |
74 (3.7) |
57 (2.9) |
1,981
|
| West |
650 (56.2) |
45 (3.9) |
246 (21.3) |
150 (13.0) |
25 (2.2) |
41 (3.5) |
1,157
|
| U.S. territories and freely associated states |
1 (16.7) |
1 (16.7) |
2 (33.3) |
1 (16.7) |
1 (16.7) |
0 (—) |
6
|
|
Race and ethnicity**,††
| |||||||
| AI/AN |
81 (47.4) |
7 (4.1) |
40 (23.4) |
27 (15.8) |
8 (4.7) |
8 (4.7) |
171
|
| Asian |
9 (39.1) |
2 (8.7) |
8 (34.8) |
1 (4.3) |
2 (8.7) |
1 (4.3) |
23
|
| Black or African American |
353 (31.5) |
80 (7.1) |
440 (39.2) |
153 (13.6) |
53 (4.7) |
43 (3.8) |
1,122
|
| NH/OPI |
25 (61.0) |
1 (2.4) |
10 (24.4) |
3 (7.3) |
0 (—) |
2 (4.9) |
41
|
| White |
422 (40.8) |
39 (3.8) |
370 (35.8) |
126 (12.2) |
39 (3.8) |
38 (3.7) |
1,034
|
| Hispanic or Latino |
384 (34.8) |
56 (5.1) |
523 (47.4) |
89 (8.1) |
20 (1.8) |
32 (2.9) |
1,104
|
| Multiracial |
29 (42.0) |
3 (4.3) |
22 (31.9) |
10 (14.5) |
3 (4.3) |
2 (2.9) |
69
|
| Other |
15 (30.6) |
4 (8.2) |
22 (44.9) |
5 (10.2) |
1 (2.0) |
2 (4.1) |
49
|
| Unknown | 67 (45.3) | 5 (3.4) | 59 (39.9) | 9 (6.1) | 4 (2.7) | 4 (2.7) | 148 |
Abbreviations: AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native; CS = congenital syphilis; NH/OPI = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander.
* Timely testing is performed ≥30 days before delivery.
† A new reactive syphilis test <30 days before delivery after a nonreactive test earlier in pregnancy.
§ Receipt of a penicillin-based regimen, dosed and spaced appropriately for the stage of syphilis, and commenced ≥30 days before delivery.
¶ https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf
** Race and ethnicity of the birth parent.
†† Persons of Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) origin might be of any race but are categorized as Hispanic; all racial groups are non-Hispanic.