Table 2.
Correlation between blood glucose parameters and gut microbiome in T1D patients (+ positive or − negative correlation).
| Author | Year | Study design | Participants | Age (years) |
Microbiome assessment | Blood glucose parameters vs. gut microbiome | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| De Groot et al. (23) | 2017 | Case–control | 53 T1D 53% M 50 HC 52% M |
18–65 | V1–V2 | No correlation noticed | |||
| Higuchi et al. (24) | 2018 | Retrospective cohort | 20 T1D 14F/6M 28 HC 18F/10M |
23±8.6 25±9.8 |
V3–V4 | − | Bifidobacterium | ➞ | Fasting blood glucose |
| + | Bacteroidetes | ➞ | HbA1c | ||||||
| − | Lactobacillales Bacteroides dori | ➞ | HbA1c | ||||||
| Huang et al. (25) | 2018 | Case–control | 12 T1D 5M/7F 10 HC 5M/5F |
12–33 | V3–V4 | − |
Ruminococcaceae
Faecalobacterium |
➞ | HbA1c |
| Leiva-Gea et al. (26) | 2018 | Case–control | 15 T1D 7M/8F 13 HC 7M/6F |
<18 | V3–V4 | + |
Blautia
Streptococcus |
➞ | HbA1c |
| − | Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes |
➞ | HbA1c | ||||||
| Fassatoui et al. (27) | 2019 | Case–control | 10 T1D 4M/6F 11 HC 3M/8F |
20–67 | Quantitative PCR | − | Akkermansia | ➞ | HbA1c |
| Shilo et al. (28) | 2022 | Retrospective cohort | 74 T1D 28M/46F 296 HC 80M/216F |
18–70 | Shotgun | − | Prevotellaceae | ➞ | HbA1c |
| + | Enterobacteriales | ➞ | Glucose average | ||||||
| + | Clostridiaceae | ➞ | Time in range | ||||||
| Van Heck et al. (30) | 2022 | Retrospective cohort | 238 T1D 129M/109F 2,937 HC 1,330M/1,090F |
>18 | Shotgun | + |
Dorea formicigenerans
Ruminococcaceae |
➞ | HbA1c |
| − | Fecalibacterium prausnitzii | ➞ | HbA1c | ||||||