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. 2023 Nov 15;14:1297101. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1297101

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The inflammatory pathways related to the occurrence and development of GPL. They include MAPK, JAK/STAT3, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, the Hippo, Hedgehog and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The signaling pathways can promote gastric epithelial cells to undergo malignant proliferative transformation and carcinogenesis. (Shh, Sonic hedgehog, PTCH, Patched, SMO, Smoothened, PKA, Protein Kinase A, GLI1, glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1, MST, Mammalian Sterile 20-like kinase 1/2, LATS 1/2:large tumor suppressor kinase 1/2, YAP/TAZ, Yes-associated protein/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif, Sd, Scalloped, Wnt, Wingless and INT-1, Axin1, Axis inhibition protein 1, APC, Adenomatous polyposis coli, CK1α:casein kinase 1α, GSK-3β:Glycogen synthase kinase 3β, JAK, Janus Kinase, STAT, Signal transducer and activator of transcription, RAS, Reliability, Availability and Serviceability, MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase, JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38:Peroxidase 38, ERK, Extracellular regulated protein kinases, PI3K:Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, PIP2:Phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate, PTEN, Phosphatase and tensin homolog, AKT, Protein kinase B, TSC1/2:Tuberous sclerosis 1/2, mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin, HIF1α:Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, PGC1α, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α).