Table B.5.
Multivariate Regression Results for Secondary Health Outcomes by Positive Childhood Experience (PCE) Domain Measure With and Without Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) Exposure Adjustment Using Different PCE Domain Measure Specifications
|
PCEs Only |
Both PCEs and ACEs |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCE Domain Z-Score | PCE Domain Binary | PCE Domain Z-Score | PCE Domain Binary | |
| Functional Limitation | aOR (95% CI) | |||
| Peer Support & Healthy School Climate | 0.83 (0.76, 0.90)*** | 0.79 (0.65, 0.95)* | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96)** | 0.89 (0.73, 1.08) |
| Neighborhood Safety | 0.86 (0.79, 0.95)** | 0.81 (0.67, 0.97)* | 0.91 (0.82, 0.996)* | 0.87 (0.73, 1.05) |
| Neighborhood Support | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.87 (0.73, 1.04) | 1.00 (0.91, 1.09) | 0.96 (0.80, 1.14) |
| Nurturing Paternal Relationship | 0.98 (0.90, 1.07) | 0.97 (0.79, 1.18) | 1.10 (0.99, 1.21) | 1.12 (0.91, 1.37) |
| Nurturing Maternal Relationship | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96)** | 0.83 (0.67, 1.03) | 0.96 (0.88, 1.05) | 0.92 (0.74, 1.14) |
| Any Physical Condition | aOR (95% CI) | |||
| Peer Support & Healthy School Climate | 0.85 (0.79, 0.92)*** | 0.73 (0.63, 0.84)*** | 0.89 (0.82, 0.96)** | 0.78 (0.67, 0.90)*** |
| Neighborhood Safety | 0.90 (0.83, 0.97)** | 0.78 (0.67, 0.90)*** | 0.93 (0.85, 1.00) | 0.81 (0.70, 0.95)** |
| Neighborhood Support | 0.91 (0.85, 0.98)* | 0.90 (0.79, 1.04) | 0.95 (0.88, 1.02) | 0.95 (0.83, 1.10) |
| Nurturing Paternal Relationship | 0.87 (0.81, 0.94)*** | 0.81 (0.69, 0.95)** | 0.92 (0.85, 0.99)* | 0.86 (0.73, 1.01) |
| Nurturing Maternal Relationship | 0.93 (0.86, 1.00)* | 0.96 (0.81, 1.13) | 0.98 (0.91, 1.06) | 1.02 (0.86, 1.20) |
| Cardiovascular Disease | aOR (95% CI) | |||
| Peer Support & Healthy School Climate | 0.92 (0.86–0.998)* | 0.85 (0.74–0.99)* | 0.95 (0.88–1.03) | 0.88 (0.76–1.03) |
| Neighborhood Safety | 0.97 (0.88–1.06) | 0.95 (0.82–1.11) | 0.99 (0.91–1.09) | 0.98 (0.84–1.14) |
| Neighborhood Support | 0.93 (0.85–1.00) | 1.00 (0.87–1.15) | 0.95 (0.88–1.04) | 1.03 (0.90–1.19) |
| Nurturing Paternal Relationship | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 0.95 (0.81–1.11) | 1.00 (0.92–1.10) | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) |
| Nurturing Maternal Relationship | 1.01 (0.94–1.09) | 1.06 (0.90–1.26) | 1.06 (0.98–1.15) | 1.10 (0.93–1.31) |
| Psychological Distress | aOR (95% CI) | |||
| Peer Support & Healthy School Climate | 0.70 (0.60, 0.81)*** | 0.66 (0.39, 1.12) | 0.72 (0.61, 0.85)*** | 0.74 (0.43, 1.29) |
| Neighborhood Safety | 0.76 (0.65, 0.88)*** | 0.50 (0.33, 0.77)** | 0.78 (0.66, 0.92)** | 0.53 (0.34, 0.83)** |
| Neighborhood Support | 0.84 (0.70, 1.01) | 0.84 (0.55, 1.28) | 0.89 (0.74, 1.06) | 0.92 (0.60, 1.40) |
| Nurturing Paternal Relationship | 0.91 (0.76, 1.09) | 0.69 (0.42, 1.11) | 0.98 (0.81, 1.20) | 0.77 (0.47, 1.27) |
| Nurturing Maternal Relationship | 0.85 (0.71, 1.02) | 0.64 (0.38, 1.06) | 0.92 (0.75, 1.11) | 0.71 (0.42, 1.19) |
| Depression | aOR (95% CI) | |||
| Peer Support & Healthy School Climate | 0.65 (0.58, 0.72)*** | 0.44 (0.31, 0.61)*** | 0.72 (0.64, 0.81)*** | 0.57 (0.40, 0.81)** |
| Neighborhood Safety | 0.86 (0.75, 0.995)* | 0.80 (0.61, 1.05) | 0.95 (0.82, 1.11) | 0.95 (0.72, 1.26) |
| Neighborhood Support | 0.82 (0.73, 0.92)*** | 0.68 (0.52, 0.88)** | 0.93 (0.82, 1.05) | 0.83 (0.63, 1.09) |
| Nurturing Paternal Relationship | 0.76 (0.67, 0.86)*** | 0.65 (0.47, 0.89)** | 0.93 (0.81, 1.10) | 0.86 (0.62, 1.19) |
| Nurturing Maternal Relationship | 0.77 (0.69, 0.86)** | 0.67 (0.48, 0.93)* | 0.92 (0.82, 1.04) | 0.84 (0.59, 1.18) |
| Anxiety | aOR (95% CI) | |||
| Peer Support & Healthy School Climate | 0.69 (0.61, 0.79)*** | 0.48 (0.34, 0.69)*** | 0.78 (0.67, 0.89)*** | 0.62 (0.43, 0.90)* |
| Neighborhood Safety | 0.89 (0.77, 1.04) | 0.75 (0.56, 1.00) | 0.98 (0.83, 1.15) | 0.87 (0.65, 1.18) |
| Neighborhood Support | 0.85 (0.75, 0.97)* | 0.69 (0.52, 0.92)* | 0.96 (0.84, 1.10) | 0.84 (0.63, 1.13) |
| Nurturing Paternal Relationship | 0.82 (0.72, 0.94)** | 0.67 (0.48, 0.95)* | 1.00 (0.86, 1.16) | 0.88 (0.62, 1.25) |
| Nurturing Maternal Relationship | 0.82 (0.72, 0.94)** | 0.68 (0.47, 0.98)* | 0.99 (0.87, 1.13) | 0.85 (0.58, 1.23) |
PCE = positive childhood experience, ACE = adverse childhood experience, aOR = adjusted odds ratios, CI = confidence intervals.
Models were survey weighted and covariate adjusted logistic regressions. Regressions were adjusted for covariates in Table 1. Each PCE domain z-score measure was used as a separate independent variable in the models shown in the table. The adjusted odds ratios reflect the change in the health outcome for every 1 standard deviation change in the given PCE domain z-score measure.
* indicate significant difference from referent group with p-value <0.05, ** p-value <0.01, *** p-value <0.001.