Table 4.

Predictors of outcomes of hand and upper extremity surgeries.

Variable	Death	Extended LOS	Reoperation
	ORa (95 % CIb)	ORa (95 % CIb)	ORa (95 % CIb)
Age
≤40	Ref	Ref	–
41-60	0.49 (0.07, 3.51)	0.84 (0.65, 1.08)	–
61-80	0.76 (0.11, 5.09)	1.20 (0.90, 1.61)	–
>80	1.05 (0.13, 8.60)	2.44 (1.56, 3.83)	–
Sex Female (vs. Male)	–	1.15 (0.95, 1.40)	0.63 (0.44, 0.92)*
Race
Caucasian	–	Ref	–
African American	–	1.19 (0.84, 1.68)	–
Other/Not Reported	–	1.09 (0.83, 1.42)	–
ASA Class≥3	3.64 (0.76, 17.33)	2.05 (1.61, 2.59)*	1.53 (1.00, 2.34)*
Emergency	2.41 (0.78, 7.47)	1.34 (1.02, 1.77)*	2.22 (1.40, 3.53)*
Inpatient	6.64 (1.74, 25.41)*	86.77 (68.62, 109.73)*	3.41 (2.32, 5.02)*
Resident (vs. No Resident)	1.22 (0.44, 3.37)	0.87 (0.72, 1.06)	1.07 (0.74, 1.53)
Comorbidities
Smoker	–	1.25 (0.99, 1.58)	1.72 (1.18, 2.52)*
Corticosteroid user	–	1.26 (0.79, 2.00)	–
Open Wound	1.79 (0.48, 6.72)	2.56 (1.75, 3.75)*	2.92 (1.80, 4.73)*
COPD	2.93 (0.77, 11.07)	0.65 (0.39, 1.10)	1.48 (0.68, 3.21)
Coagulopathy	4.51 (1.45, 14.09)	1.87 (1.08, 3.22)*	–
Diabetes	1.58 (0.54, 4.65)	1.25 (0.92, 1.70)	–
Hypertension	2.27 (0.56, 9.09)	1.42 (1.13, 1.79)*	1.25 (0.83, 1.89)

*Indicates significance, defined as P < 0.05.

^aOdds ratio.

^bConfidence interval.