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Overview of vertical shifts of gut microbes in gastropods over generations. a–b Rarefaction analysis of observed OTUs. c–d Shannon index. e–f PCoA was conducted based on the binary Jaccard dissimilarity among groups. g–h UPGMA analysis was conducted based on Bray–Curtis distance. i PCoA was conducted based on the binary Jaccard dissimilarity among groups. Cultured snails refer to the laboratory snails cultured under laboratory conditions
