Table 4.

Pros and cons of framework use in NTS observation

In favour of checklist/framework use	In opposition to checklist/framework use
Provides a structure for  - Observation  - Discussion with co-observers  - Debriefing	Hinders real-time observation  - Distracts focus  - Time-consuming  - Does not improve observation
More objective observation  - Predetermined behavioural characteristics Useful for research	Not suitable for every observation/training Less useful when more experienced Interpretation remains subjective Tendency to instructor-centred debrief