Table 1.
Deaths (95% confidence interval) attributable to long term exposure to PM2.5 and ozone (O3) in thousands per year
| Regions | Population (million) | All cause | LRI | IHD | ST | DM | LC | COPD (PM2.5) | COPD (O3) | Sum of disease specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central-eastern Europe, central Asia | 418 (363 to 473) | 477 (303 to 684) | 18 (11 to 26) | 238 (151 to 334) | 77 (42 to 116) | 16 (10 to 22) | 22 (12 to 33) | 14 (9 to 21) | 8 (3 to 14) | 393 (237 to 566) |
| Latin America, caribbean | 583 (512 to 652) | 310 (196 to 448) | 32 (18 to 46) | 78 (49 to 109) | 28 (15 to 43) | 42 (25 to 59) | 10 (5 to 15) | 19 (12 to 28) | 7 (2 to 14) | 215 (127 to 314) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 608 (526 to 690) | 549 (379 to 719) | 33 (21 to 43) | 279 (202 to 350) | 72 (45 to 98) | 38 (25 to 49) | 17 (11 to 24) | 24 (16 to 31) | 13 (6 to 22) | 476 (325 to 615) |
| South Asia | 1805 (1613 to 2013) | 2761 (1936 to 3548) | 214 (142 to 272) | 928 (708 to 1109) | 362 (236 to 465) | 179 (122 to 220) | 45 (29 to 58) | 429 (308 to 528) | 187 (83 to 295) | 2345 (1629 to 2948) |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 1078 (931 to 1225) | 643 (437 to 850) | 195 (124 to 259) | 119 (85 to 152) | 85 (52 to 117) | 54 (35 to 70) | 11 (6 to 15) | 25 (17 to 33) | 6 (2 to 12) | 496 (322 to 657) |
| Southeast and East Asia, Oceania | 2158 (1887 to 2418) | 3082 (2108 to 4080) | 118 (74 to 158) | 798 (568 to 1018) | 668 (409 to 915) | 140 (91 to 183) | 243 (149 to 329) | 361 (247 to 464) | 130 (52 to 225) | 2257 (1589 to 3291) |
| High income countries | 1084 (971 to 1195) | 542 (286 to 892) | 44 (22 to 71) | 105 (53 to 172) | 41 (19 to 70) | 25 (13 to 41) | 40 (18 to 69) | 31 (16 to 52) | 32 (11 to 61) | 317 (151 to 536) |
| Worldwide | 7709 (6782 to 8642) | 8342 (5632 to 11192) | 652 (410 to 872) | 2542 (1815 to 3240) | 1332 (817 to 1820) | 491 (319 to 640) | 385 (229 to 539) | 903 (624 to 1154) | 382 (158 to 642) | 6686 (4372 to 8908) |
COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM=diabetes mellitus type 2; IHD=ischaemic heart disease; LC=lung cancer; LRI=lower respiratory infections (including children <5 years); ST=stroke.