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. 2022 Jun 30;1(1):55–69. doi: 10.1002/cai2.12

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Alterations in the ATF4/TXNIP/REDD1/mTOR signaling are associated with GW3965 treatment in xenograft tumors as well as in human pancreatic cancers. Xenograft tumors derived from BXPC3 (upper panels) or MIA PaCa‐2 (lower panels) cells were isolated after treatment with DMSO (Ctrl) or GW3965. (a) The expressions of S6K1, REDD1, and TXNIP were determined by immunohistochemistry. Scale bar: 100 µm. (b, c) The status of apoptosis and cell cycle progression was measured by TUNEL immunofluorescence (red signals, b) and immunohistochemical staining of p27 (c), respectively. Scale bar: 100 µm. (d) The expressions of REDD1, TXNIP, S6K1, and p‐AMPKα (Th172) were examined by Western blot, with β‐actin detected as the internal control. (e) The expressions of REDD1, ATF4, and TXNIP from pancreatic cancer tissue and matched normal pancreatic tissue were obtained from the Oncomine database and compared between the two groups. DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; mTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick‐end labeling.