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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Nov 29.
Published in final edited form as: Am Econ J Econ Policy. 2023 Nov;15(4):37–74. doi: 10.1257/pol.20210625
Enlisted Sponsor Officer Sponsor
(1)
Mean
(2)
β
(3)
p-value
(4)
Mean
(5)
β
(6)
p-value
Bed Days 2.164 0.134***
(0.050)
0.428 2.146 0.184***
(0.057)
0.932
Bassinet Days 2.400 0.122
(0.113)
0.738 2.257 0.103
(0.138)
0.830
RWP 0.506 0.012***
(0.003)
0.591 0.495 0.008**
(0.004)
0.036
Procedures 2.130 0.108
(0.114)
0.632 2.144 0.098
(0.110)
0.755
Diagnostics 0.105 0.060***
(0.017)
0.551 0.088 0.063***
(0.024)
0.130
C-Section 0.287 0.031***
(0.005)
0.676 0.268 0.023***
(0.007)
0.028
Severe Complication 0.038 −0.022***
(0.005)
0.217 0.030 −0.017**
(0.007)
0.053
Preventable Complication 0.193 −0.084***
(0.021)
0.276 0.180 −0.099***
(0.021)
0.146
Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity 0.012 −0.002
(0.002)
0.540 0.010 −0.004
(0.003)
0.088
28-Day Infant Mortality (per 1,000) 0.809 −0.229
(0.733)
0.725 0.793 −0.855
(0.941)
0.573
1-Year Infant Mortality (per 1,000) 1.677 0.280
(0.945)
0.833 1.308 −2.907**
(1.350)
0.342
Unplanned Readmissions (per 1,000) 13.083 −6.094***
(2.279)
0.660 9.428 −3.928
(2.693)
0.832
Unplanned Child Readmit (per 1,000) 38.184 −6.737
(4.939)
0.359 30.516 −5.640
(7.284)
0.646
30-Day Child Hosp. (per 1,000) 57.083 −16.304***
(6.094)
0.962 45.541 −15.663*
(8.024)
0.714
1-Year Unplanned Child Hosp. (per 1,000) 90.149 −4.976
(6.086)
0.064 68.990 −15.266
(9.638)
0.487
Any 1-Year Child Hosp. (per 1,000) 108.757 −14.491**
(7.184)
0.179 84.463 −27.055**
(10.637)
0.528
N 69,766 26,007

Notes: All estimates considered in this table use the first difference between the current and prior birth admission. Means are shown for the current birth. The sample is split by whether the sponsor is enlisted or is an officer. Note that officers are required to hold four-year college degrees. All regressions use the preferred instrumented specification and include controls for calendar year, age group, sponsor’s pay grade and occupation, and sponsor’s race. Standard errors are clustered at the base level.