Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and anthropometric data of children in CMPA and healthy groups (n = 122).
| CMPA group (n = 30) | Healthy group (n = 92) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months)1 | 31.0 (14.0, 43.3) | 40.0 (28.0, 53.8) | 0.01 |
| Gestational age (weeks)2 | 38.0 (38.0, 39.0) | 38.0 (38.0, 40.0) | 0.93 |
| Birth weight (grams)1 | 3210.6 ± 364.9 | 3148.4 ± 350.9 | 0.41 |
| Gender: boy, n (%)3 | 18 (60%) | 53 (57.6%) | 0.82 |
| Duration of exclusive breastfeeding (months)2 | 6.0 (3.0, 6.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 6.0) | 0.86 |
| Age at started complementary food (months)2 | 6.0 (6.0, 6.0) | 6.0 (6.0, 6.0) | 0.83 |
| Main caregivers, n (%)3 | |||
| Parents | 24 (80%) | 77 (83.7%) | 0.64 |
| Others | 5 (20%) | 15 (16.3%) | |
| Main caregiver education, n (%)3 | |||
| Elementary school or less | 5 (16.7%) | 7 (7.6%) | 0.24 |
| Middle school | 2 (6.7%) | 6 (6.5%) | |
| High school | 0 (0%) | 10 (10.9%) | |
| Bachelor or more | 23 (76.6%) | 69 (75%) | |
| Family income (baht/month), n (%)3 | |||
| <30,000 | 3 (10%) | 10 (10.9%) | 0.50 |
| 30,000–49,999 | 8 (26.7%) | 31 (33.7%) | |
| 50,000–69,999 | 5 (16.7%) | 22 (23.9%) | |
| ≥70,000 | 14 (46.7%) | 29 (31.5%) | |
| Weight for age z-score1 | −0.24 ± 1.40 | −0.12 ± 1.00 | 0.62 |
| Height for age z-score1 | −0.65 ± 1.37 | −0.26 ± 1.06 | 0.11 |
| BMI for age z-score1 | 0.24 ± 1.42 | 0.03 ± 1.32 | 0.46 |
1Continuous variables with normal distribution are presented as mean ± S.D, compared between two groups using an independent t-test. 2Continuous variables with nonnormal distribution are presented as median (IQR), compared between two groups using the Mann–Whitney U test. 3Categorical variables are presented as n (%), compared between two groups using The chi-squared test. Abbreviation: CMPA, cow's milk protein allergy; BMI, body mass index.