. 2023 Nov 19;9(11):e22477. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22477

Table 5.

Mineral composition and antinutritional factor (mg/100g) of biscuit from composite flour of wheat, African yam bean and tigernut.

Sample	WTY	TWB	ATW	BTT
Mineral
Sodium	6.11 ± 0.01^b	5.33 ± 0.02^d	5.98 ± 0.02^c	6.41 ± 0.01^a
Potassium	9.73 ± 0.02^c	9.56 ± 0.02^d	10.41 ± 0.02^a	9.81 ± 0.01^b
Calcium	4.25 ± 0.01^d	5.10 ± 0.01^a	4.53 ± 0.01^c	4.79 ± 0.01^b
Phosphorus	0.13 ± 0.00^c	0.20 ± 0.01^a	0.12 ± 0.01^c	0.19 ± 0.01^b
Magnesium	1.73 ± 0.01^b	1.58 ± 0.01^c	1.50 ± 0.01^c	1.90 ± 0.01^a
Iron	0.10 ± 0.01^b	0.10 ± 0.01^b	0.14 ± 0.02^a	0.10 ± 0.01^b
Zinc	0.04 ± 0.01^c	0.06 ± 0.01^a	0.04 ± 0.01^c	0.05 ± 0.01^b
Antinutrient
Tannin	0.26 ± 0.08^a	0.09 ± 0.01^b	0.06 ± 0.02^c	0.09 ± 0.01^b
Phytate	0.20 ± 0.02^c	0.28 ± 0.01^a	0.25 ± 0.01^b	0.22 ± 0.05^c
Oxalate	0.12 ± 0.02^c	0.15 ± 0.01^b	0.18 ± 0.02^a	0.17 ± 0.01^b
Trypsin Inhibitor	0.34 ± 0.01^c	0.44 ± 0.03^b	0.96 ± 0.02^a	0.49 ± 0.02^b

Values are means ± standard deviation of three determinations. Means in the same row with different superscript are significantly different (p < 0.05). WTY – 100 % wheat flour, TWB – 70 % wheat flour +25 % African yam bean flour +5 % tigernut flour, ATW - 70 % wheat flour +20 % African yam bean flour +10 % tigernut flour, BTT - 70 % wheat flour +15 % African yam bean flour +15 % tigernut flour.