Table 1.
Socio-demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle characteristics of study participants.
| Variables | Variable category | Total n (%) | Hypertension n (%) | P-value | Overweight/obesity (BMI) n (%) | P-value | Abdominal obesity (WHR) n (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 189 (45.3) | 41 (21.8) | 0.62 | 46 (24.5) | 0.03 | 104 (56.5) | 0.01 |
| Female | 228 (54.7) | 45 (19.8) | 76 (33.9) | 171 (76.3) | ||||
| Age group | 18–30 | 189 (45.3) | 13 (6.9) | < 0.01 | 35 (18.6) | < 0.01 | 101 (54.3) | < 0.01 |
| 31–44 | 146 (35.0) | 24 (16.6) | 52 (36.6) | 102 (72.3) | ||||
| 46–65 | 82 (19.7) | 49 (59.8) | 35 (42.7) | 72 (88.9) | ||||
| Marital status | Married | 235 (56.4) | 52 (22.3) | 0.01 | 81 (35.1) | 0.01 | 179 (77.8) | 0.01 |
| Others1 | 47 (11.3) | 24 (51.1) | 25 (54.3) | 40 (87.0) | ||||
| Single | 135 (32.4) | 10 (7.4) | 16 (11.9) | 56 (42.4) | ||||
| Education | Primary/lower | 94 (22.5) | 36 (38.7) | 0.01 | 39 (42.4) | 0.01 | 76 (82.6) | 0.01 |
| Secondary | 96 (23.0) | 14 (14.6) | 25 (26.0) | 61 (64.2) | ||||
| Post-secondary | 227 (54.4) | 36 (15.9) | 58 (25.9) | 138 (62.4) | ||||
| Occupation | Securely employed | 137 (32.9) | 27 (19.9) | 0.32 | 32 (23.5) | < 0.01 | 86 (63.7) | 0.01 |
| Insecure jobs2 | 121 (29.0) | 25 (20.7) | 30 (24.8) | 66 (55.5) | ||||
| Unemployed | 159 (38.1) | 34 (21.5) | 60 (38.7) | 123 (79.9) | ||||
| Income | 00–2250 | 53 (13.7) | 13 (24.5) | 0.62 | 12 (22.6) | 0.47 | 31 (59.6) | 0.36 |
| 2251–5000 | 126 (32.6) | 23 (18.3) | 37 (29.6) | 86 (69.4) | ||||
| 5001 + | 208 (53.7) | 44 (21.3) | 64 (31.2) | 142 (69.6) | ||||
| Salt intake | Normal | 51 (12.2) | 15 (29.4) | 0.10 | 16 (32.7) | 0.62 | 35 (70.0) | 0.68 |
| High | 366 (87.8) | 71 (19.5) | 106 (29.2) | 240 (67.0) | ||||
| Physical inactivity | Low | 158 (37.9) | 32 (20.4) | 0.89 | 53 (34.2) | 0.11 | 113 (72.4) | 0.09 |
| Active | 259 (62.1) | 54 (20.9) | 69 (26.8) | 162 (64.3) | ||||
| Alcohol use | No | 196 (47.0) | 49 (25.0) | 0.04 | 69 (35.6) | 0.01 | 133 (69.6) | 0.36 |
| Yes | 221 (53.0) | 37 (16.9) | 53 (24.3) | 142 (65.4) | ||||
| Tobacco use | No | 409 (98.1) | 84 (20.6) | – | 121 (30.0) | – | 270 (67.5) | 0.76 |
| Yes | 8 (1.9) | 2 (25.0) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (62.5) | ||||
| Khat chewing | No | 396 (95.0) | 79 (20.1) | 0.14 | 114 (29.2) | 0.38 | 260 (67.0) | 0.46 |
| Yes | 21 (5.0) | 7 (33.3) | 8 (38.1) | 15 (75.0) |
n (%), number and percent; 1other marital status (living together but not married, separated, divorced, and widowed; 2insecure jobs (daily work, factory, building, garment, garage, agriculture, driver, and merchant); n, number; and p-values are from chi-square tests.