Information search and healthy handling of information: Is used to obtain clues to change the way you view the problem. In the study accompanying the PMT, different types of information absorption and processing were found. The displacers need less information, whereas the sensitizers require a lot of information.
Direct action: Serves for the immediate change of burden conditions (instrumental aspect) or for the direct regulation of unpleasant emotions when burden occurs (palliative aspect), e.g.
By performing relaxation, well-being is achieved. Action-related forms of coping as reactions to the topic of illness, e.g. distraction and self-development or active problem-oriented coping. Creativity as important resource to regulate emotions to express one’s own identity and autonomy. The ability to set boundaries (e.g. towards the employer in the home office) and express needs (such as relaxation) is an important psychological ability to ultimately stabilize the immune system.
Inhibition of unhealthy and ineffective actions during pandemics:
In pandemic situations, there is an imbalance towards too much or too little exercise. Eating behaviour is also different, which leads to weight changes. Drinking behaviour is restricted under social isolation conditions (Balzer & Stueck, 2021)
Intrapsychic coping processes:
Cognitive processes for the regulation of emotions, for the restoration of well-being, for selfrelaxation or positive change in the perception of the situation (distraction, trivialization, denial, intellectualization, self-encouragement). Cognitive forms of coping with illness and death (e.g. giving the illness a meaning, searching for religiosity, death meditation).
Maintaining a healthy relationship to physicality: This applies to personal hygiene but also to the daily practice of yoga, tai chi, breath-oriented meditation, dancing.
Emotional forms of coping as preconscious to conscious emotional attitudes towards the illness (e.g. depressive processing). |
