Table 2.
Characteristics of the participants (N, %).
| Variable | N (%) | Variable | N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Type of insurance | ||
| Male | 4,779 (48.82) | Urban employees | 1,320 (13.48) |
| Female | 5,010 (51.18) | Urban and rural residents | 7,504 (76.66) |
| Age (year) | Free medical care | 617 (6.30) | |
| 60–64 | 3,009 (30.74) | Commercial insurance and others | 348 (3.56) |
| 65–74 | 4,273 (43.65) | Income | |
| ≥75 | 2,507 (25.61) | Low | 3,728 (38.08) |
| Household registration | Middle | 4,858 (49.63) | |
| Urban | 2,603 (26.59) | High | 1,203 (12.29) |
| Rural | 7,186 (73.41) | Health satisfaction | |
| Marital status | Dissatisfied | 3,402 (34.75) | |
| Married and cohabiting | 7,287 (74.44) | Satisfied | 6,387 (65.25) |
| Married but separated | 365 (3.73) | Life satisfaction | |
| Divorced | 94 (0.96) | Dissatisfied | 1889 (19.30) |
| Widowed | 1974 (20.17) | Satisfied | 7,900 (80.70) |
| Never married | 69 (0.70) | Child relationship satisfaction | |
| Ethnic groups | Dissatisfied | 453 (4.63) | |
| Han | 9,088 (92.84) | Satisfied | 9,247 (94.46) |
| Non-Han | 701 (7.16) | No children | 89 (0.91) |
| Education | Marital satisfaction | ||
| Illiteracy | 3,103 (31.70) | Dissatisfied | 846 (8.64) |
| Primary school and below | 4,256 (43.48) | Satisfied | 7,727 (78.94) |
| Elementary school and above | 2,430 (24.82) | No spouse | 1,216 (12.42) |
| Smoking status | Self-reported health | ||
| Smoking | 2,794 (28.54) | Very good | 888 (9.07) |
| Quitting | 1,313 (13.41) | Good | 1,000 (10.22) |
| Never smoking | 5,682 (58.04) | Fair | 5,128 (52.39) |
| Drinking status | Bad | 2,149 (21.95) | |
| Drinking | 2,502 (25.56) | Very bad | 624 (6.37) |
| Quitting | 741 (7.57) | BADL | |
| Never drinking | 6,534 (66.75) | Not limited | 7,927 (80.98) |
| Chronic diseases | Limited | 1862 (19.02) | |
| No chronic disease | 2088 (21.33) | IADL | |
| Single chronic disease | 2,376 (24.27) | Not limited | 7,313 (74.71) |
| Two or more chronic diseases | 5,325 (54.40) | Limited | 2,476 (25.29) |
| During of sleep (hour) | Risk of depression | ||
| <6 | 3,317 (33.88) | Low risk | 5,531 (56.5) |
| 6–9 | 6,055 (61.86) | High risk | 4,258 (43.5) |
| >9 | 417 (4.26) | ||
| Having social activities or not | |||
| No | 4,552 (46.50) | ||
| Yes | 5,237 (53.50) |