(A) SEM
image shows that Salmonella waterborne
pathogens are captured by the FGO-PEI based nanoplatform during filtration.
(B) TEM image shows that Escherichia coli waterborne
pathogens are captured by the FGO-PEI based nanoplatform during filtration.
(C) Colony counting data show that Escherichia coli is present in water samples before filtration. (D) Colony counting
data show that no Escherichia coli is present in
water samples after filtration, which indicates that 100% bacteria
is captured during filtration. (E) Salmonella and Escherichia coli waterborne pathogen removal efficiency
from drinking water using the FGO-PEI based nanoplatform. For this
experiment, we used 103 CFU/mL of each bacterium. (F) Salmonella and Escherichia coli waterborne
pathogen removal efficiency from drinking water using the GO-PEI based
nanoplatform. For this experiment, we used 103 CFU/mL of
each bacterium. G) Salmonella and Escherichia
coli waterborne pathogen removal efficiency from drinking
water using the FGO based nanoplatform. For this experiment, we used
103 CFU/mL of each bacterium. (H) Escherichia coli waterborne pathogen removal efficiency from tap water, Mississippi
river water, lake water, and drinking water using the FGO-PEI based
nanoplatform. For this experiment, we used 103 CFU/mL of
bacteria infected water samples. (I) Salmonella waterborne
pathogen removal efficiency from tap water, Mississippi river water,
lake water, and drinking water using the FGO-PEI based nanoplatform.
For this experiment, we used 103 CFU/mL of bacteria infected
water samples. (J) Simultaneously Salmonella and Escherichia coli waterborne pathogen removal efficiency
from tap water, Mississippi river water, lake water, and drinking
water using the FGO-PEI based nanoplatform. For this experiment, we
used 500 CFU/mL of bacteria infected water samples. (K).
Removal efficiency of PFBS, PFBA, tetracycline, and moxifloxacin antibiotics
and Salmonella and Escherichia coli waterborne pathogens simultaneously from tap water, Mississippi
river water, lake water, and drinking water using the FGO-PEI based
nanoplatform. For this experiment, we used water samples infected
with 333 ng/L of PFBS, 333 ng/L of PFBA, 333 ng/L of moxifloxacin
antibiotics, and 500 CFU/mL of each bacterium. (L)
Plot shows how the removal efficiency PFBS, PFBA, tetracycline, and
moxifloxacin antibiotics varies with the number of cycles of filtration
when we have used the FGO-PEI based nanoplatform in the presence of Salmonella and Escherichia coli waterborne
pathogens. For this experiment, we used water samples infected with
333 ng/L of PFBS, 333 ng/L of PFBA, 333 ng/L of moxifloxacin antibiotics, and 500 CFU/mL of each bacterium.