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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jun 5.
Published in final edited form as: J Offender Rehabil. 2023 Jun 5;62(5):315–335. doi: 10.1080/10509674.2023.2213692

Table 2.

Pre- and Post-CM Training Scores of Probation Officers

Training Measure In-Person Online

Paired t-test Paired t-test Independent Samples t-test

M SD t(df) p M SD t(df) p t df p

CM Knowledge
 Pre-test 68% .11 61% .15
 Post-test 81% .09 −4.31 (15) .001 63% .15 −4.75 (26) .64
Protocol Quiz 77% .17 51% .15 6.03 51 .000
Role Play (CMCS)
 CM specific 5.66 .34 5.46 .33 1.85 39 .073
 General 5.64 .46 5.82 .50 −1.14 39 .261

CM = Contingency Management; CMCS = Contingency management competence scale.