Table 1. Baseline characteristics and univariate analysis of predictors associated with treatment failure.
| Characteristics | Treatment success | Treatment failure | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 748) | (N = 302) | ||||
| Male | 336 | (44.9%) | 135 | (44.7%) | 0.949 |
| Age (years ± SD) | 59.2 ± 12.9 | 58.4 ± 13.2 | 0.338 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2 ± SD) | 24.2 ± 4.1 | 24.4 ± 5.1 | 0.699 | ||
| Underlying diseases | |||||
| None | 225 | (30.1%) | 83 | (27.5%) | 0.403 |
| Hypertension | 281 | (37.6%) | 113 | (37.4%) | 0.964 |
| Dyslipidemia | 260 | (34.8%) | 108 | (35.8%) | 0.758 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 167 | (22.3%) | 53 | (17.5%) | 0.085 |
| Cirrhosis and hepatitis | 134 | (17.9%) | 45 | (14.9%) | 0.240 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 44 | (5.9%) | 22 | (7.3%) | 0.397 |
| FH of gastric cancer | 6 | (0.8%) | 3 | (1.0%) | 0.722 |
| Smoking | 60 | (8.0%) | 23 | (7.6%) | 0.826 |
| Alcohol | 107 | (14.3%) | 36 | (11.9%) | 0.308 |
| First-line treatment | |||||
| Duration | 12.1 ± 2.7 | 12.2 ± 2.6 | 0.417 | ||
| Triple therapy | 287 | (38.4%) | 130 | (43.0%) | 0.161 |
| Concomitant therapy | 110 | (14.7%) | 36 | (11.9%) | 0.238 |
| Sequential therapy | 44 | (5.9%) | 28 | (9.3%) | 0.049 |
| Bismuth quadruple therapy | 100 | (13.4%) | 47 | (15.6%) | 0.354 |
| Quinolone-based therapy | 103 | (13.8%) | 31 | (10.3%) | 0.123 |
| VPZ-containing therapy | 104 | (13.9%) | 30 | (9.9%) | 0.081 |
| Nonadherence | 2 | (0.3%) | 27 | (8.9%) | <0.001 |
| MDR strains | 18/115 | (15.7%) | 35/77 | (45.5%) | <0.001 |
BMI = body mass index, FH = family history, VPZ = Vonoprazan, MDR = multidrug-resistant