Table 3. Antibiotic resistance pattern of H. pylori strains in patients with treatment failure.
| Antibiotic resistance | Total patients | Treatment success | Treatment failure | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 192) | (N = 115) | (N = 77) | |||||
| No resistance | 70 | (36.5%) | 58 | (50.4%) | 12 | (15.6%) | <0.001 |
| Antibiotic resistance | 122 | (63.5%) | 57 | (49.6%) | 65 | (84.4%) | <0.001 |
| Metronidazole (MTZ) | 83 | (43.2%) | 42 | (36.5%) | 41 | (53.2%) | 0.022 |
| Levofloxacin (LVX) | 65 | (33.9%) | 23 | (20.0%) | 42 | (54.5%) | <0.001 |
| Clarithromycin (CLR) | 46 | (24.0%) | 11 | (9.6%) | 35 | (45.5%) | <0.001 |
| Amoxicillin (AMX) | 4 | (2.1%) | 1 | (0.9%) | 3 | (3.9%) | 0.304 |
| Tetracycline (TET) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) | 0 | (0%) | - |
| Single drug resistance | 69 | (35.9%) | 39 | (33.9%) | 30 | (39.0%) | 0.475 |
| MTZ | 38 | (19.8%) | 26 | (22.6%) | 12 | (15.6%) | 0.231 |
| LVX | 23 | (12.0%) | 9 | (7.8%) | 14 | (18.2%) | 0.030 |
| CLR | 8 | (4.2%) | 4 | (3.5%) | 4 | (5.2%) | 0.716 |
| Multidrug resistance | 53 | (27.6%) | 18 | (15.7%) | 35 | (45.5%) | <0.001 |
| MTZ and LVX | 14 | (7.3%) | 10 | (8.7%) | 4 | (5.2%) | 0.360 |
| MTZ and CLR | 9 | (4.7%) | 4 | (3.5%) | 5 | (6.5%) | 0.488 |
| CLR and LVX | 8 | (4.2%) | 2 | (1.7%) | 6 | (7.8%) | 0.062 |
| CLR, MTZ, and LVX | 18 | (9.4%) | 1 | (0.9%) | 17 | (22.1%) | <0.001 |
| AMX, CLR, and MTZ | 2 | (1.0%) | 0 | (0%) | 2 | (2.6%) | 0.160 |
| AMX, MTZ, and LVX | 1 | (0.5%) | 1 | (0.9%) | 0 | (0%) | 1.000 |
| AMX, CLR, MTZ, and LVX | 1 | (0.5%) | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (1.3%) | 1.000 |