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. 2023 Sep 28;16(12):2728–2737. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfad253

Table 3:

Bias, precision and accuracy of eGFR for the CKD-EPI09-NB and CKD-EPI21 equations across CKD stages in the total cohort.

CKD-EPI09-NB CKD-EPI21
Total cohort GFR <30 (
N = 196)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, median (Q1–Q3) 7.7 (−0.1 to 16.5) 9.7 (1.2–19.7)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (95% CI) 11.7 (9.1–14.3) 13.9 (11.1–16.6)
Precision, mL/min/1.73 m2 16.6 18.5
Relative bias, %, median (Q1–Q3) 39.4 (−0.7 to 95.0) 49.6 (7.2–110.6)
Relative bias, %, mean (95% CI) 90.2 (65.0–115.4) 103.6 (76.6–130.6)
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 30.6 (24.5–37.3) 30.1 (24.0–36.8)
30 ≤ GFR < 60 (
N = 811)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, median (Q1–Q3) 4.7 (−4.7 to 16.5) 8.4 (−1.7 to 21.0)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (95% CI) 7.7 (6.5–9.0) 11.4 (10.1–12.6)
Precision, mL/min/1.73 m2 21.2 22.7
Relative bias, %, median (Q1–Q3) 10.0 (−10.5 to 36.5) 18.3 (−3.7 to 45.9)
Relative bias, %, mean (95% CI) 16.4 (13.7–19.0) 24.2 (21.5–26.9)
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 60.4 (57.0–63.7) 54.7 (51.3–58.2)
GFR ≥60 (
N = 3681)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, median (Q1–Q3) −7.8 (−20.9 to 4.7) −3.3 (−16.5 to 9.2)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (95% CI) −8.3 (−8.9 to −7.6) −4.0 (−4.6 to −3.3)
Precision, mL/min/1.73 m2 25.6 25.8
Relative bias, %, median (Q1–Q3) −8.5 (−20.2 to 5.5) −3.5 (−15.8 to 10.8)
Relative bias, %, mean (95% CI) −6.0 (−6.7 to −5.3) −1.2 (−1.9 to −0.5)
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 75 (73–76) 78 (77–80)
Cancer cohort GFR <30 (
N = 78)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, median (Q1–Q3) 15.8 (9.1–30.3) 18.8 (11.4–33.2)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (95% CI) 20.0 (16.2–23.7) 22.9 (19.0–26.8)
Precision, mL/min/1.73 m2 21.2 21.9
Relative bias, %, median (Q1–Q3) 80.5 (38.1–175.6) 93.3 (49.3–197.7)
Relative bias, %, mean (95% CI) 156.5 (104.4–208.5) 175.7 (119.5–231.8)
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 12 (6–20) 12 (6–20)
30 ≤ GFR < 60 (
N = 508)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, median (Q1–Q3) 8.0 (−1.3 to 20.7) 11.8 (2.2–25.5)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (95% CI) 10.5 (9.0–11.9) 14.6 (13.1–16.1)
Precision, mL/min/1.73 m2 22.0 23.4
Relative bias, %, median (Q1–Q3) 16.6 (−2.8 to 45.1) 25.9 (4.4–56.0)
Relative bias, %, mean (95% CI) 22.4 (19.3–25.5) 31.0 (27.8–34.2)
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 58 (54–63) 50 (45–54)
GFR ≥60 (
N = 2727)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, median (Q1–Q3) −7.1 (−19.8 to 4.9) −2.7 (−15.3 to 9.5)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (95% CI) −7.8 (−8.5 to −7.1) −3.4 (−4.1 to −2.6)
Precision, mL/min/1.73 m2 24.7 24.9
Relative bias, %, median (Q1–Q3) −7.7 (−19.4 to 5.8) −2.7 (−14.8 to 11.4)
Relative bias, %, mean (95% CI) −5.5 (−6.3 to −4.8) −0.6 (−1.3 to 0.2)
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 76 (75–78) 80 (78–81)
Kidney donor cohorta GFR ≥60 (
N = maskedb)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, median (Q1–Q3) −11.8 (−22.2 to 1.2) −6.7 (−18.0 to 5.6)
Absolute bias, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (95% CI) −10.1 (−12.5 to −7.8) −5.8 (−8.2 to −3.5)
Precision, mL/min/1.73 m2 23.4 23.6
Relative bias, %, median (Q1–Q3) −10.9 (−20.4 to 1.4) −7.1 (−16.9 to 7.1)
Relative bias, %, mean (95% CI) −7.7 (−10.0 to −5.4) −3.3 (−5.7 to −1.0)
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 80 (75–85) 89 (84–92)

CI, confidence interval.

Absolute bias is calculated as the difference between eGFR and mGFR; relative bias is calculated as the difference between eGFR and mGFR divided by the mGFR; precision is calculated as the IQR of the bias; and the accuracy is calculated as the percentage of patients with eGFR within the range of ±30% of the mGFR (P30).

aWe did not report the results for potential living kidney donors with mGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 because of the low number of these patients.

bCells are masked, so it is not possible to identify or back-calculate numbers less than 5.