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. 2023 Oct 20;13(12):3111–3119. doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-01055-2
Facial aging is a multifactorial phenomenon due to poor skin hydration, deficient intercellular communication, collagen/elastin breakdown, and oxidative stress.
Optimal formulations to address this should include humectants, peptides, and antioxidants.
Fifty female subjects 35–65 years of age of all Fitzpatrick skin types with mild to moderate facial photoaging concerns (fine lines, wrinkles, sagging skin, tone and texture) were enrolled in this monadic study.
Improvement was seen in all parameters after 24 weeks of product use.